Lesson 1Finding fossil man 发现化石人
1.我们可以从书中学到东西We can read of things那些事情发生在5000年前 that happened 5,000 years ago 近东地区,in the Near East,在那里where人们第一次学会写作。 people first learned to write.
我们可以从书中了解到5000年前在近东发生的事情We can read of things that happened 5,000 years ago in the Near East,那里的人最早学会写作。where people first learned to write.
我们可以从书中了解到近东地区5000年前发生的事情,那里的人最早学会写作。
2、 但是But世界上有些地方 there are some parts of the world 在那里where甚至现在 even now人们还不会写。 people cannot write.
但是But世界上有些地方 there are some parts of the word到目前为止,那里的人还不会写字。where even now people cannot write.
然而,即使是世界上一些地方的人也不会写作。
3.唯一的方法The only way这种方式(那) that它们可以保存 they can preserve 他们的历史their history是叙述它 is to recount it 传说-一些传说as sagas -- legends 向下传递handed down一代代的。 from one generation of another.
保存他们历史的唯一方法就是口头The only way that they can preserve their history is to recount it 传说-一些传说as sagas -- legends 代代相传。handed down from one generation of another.
他们记录历史的唯一方法就是通过口述代代相传,作为传些传说。
4、 这些传说These legends是有用的 are useful因为 because他们能告诉我们一些事情 they can tell us something 关于人们的迁居about migrations of people 这些人活了很久以前who lived long ago,但是but 过去没有人能够none could写下来 write down他们过去做了什么。what they did.
这些传说很有用 These legends are useful因为他们可以告诉我们很久以前人们搬家的事情 because they can tell us something about migrations of people who lived long ago,但在过去,没有人能记录他们过去所做的事情。but none could write down what they did.
这些传说很有用,因为它们可以告诉我们很久以前人们的生活状况,但没有人记录他们过去所做的事情。
5.人类学家过去不清楚Anthropologists wondered 哪里where波利尼西亚人的遥远祖先 the remote ancestors of the Polynesian peoples现在住 now living 太平洋群岛in the Pacific Islands来自于。 came from.
人类学家过去并不清楚Anthropologists wondered 波利尼西亚人的遥远祖先现在住在太平洋群岛上。 where the remote ancestors of the Polynesian peoples now living in the Pacific Islands came from.
人类学家不知道波利尼西亚人的祖先现在住在太平洋岛上。
6、 属于这些人的传奇故事The sagas of these people说明了那一点(那) explain that 他们中的一些人some of them来自印尼。 came from Indonesia 大约在2000年以前。about 2,000 years ago.
这些人的传奇故事说明了这一点The sagas of these people explain that 其中一些人some of them大约2000年前来自印尼。 came from Indonesia about 2,000 years ago.
当地人的传说告诉我们,他们中的一些人大约在2000年前来自印尼。
7、但是But 原始人the first people类似于我们(他们就像我们自己) who were like ourselves 生活在这么久以前lived so long ago 以至于(那)that甚至他们的传说, even their sagas, 假如他们过去有一些,if they had any,被遗忘。 are forgotten.
但是But像我们这样的原始人生活了这么久 the first people who were like ourselves lived so long ago 甚至他们的传说,that even their sagas, 假如他们过去有,if they had any,也被遗忘了。 are forgotten.
然而,与我们相似的原始人生活的时间太长了,所有关于他们的传说都失传了。
8、如此一来So 考古学家们 archaeologists 既没有历史也没有传说have neither history nor legends 帮他们弄清楚to help them to find out最早的现代人从何而来? where the first 'modern men' came from.
因此,考古学家既没有历史也没有传说来帮助他们弄清楚So archaeologists have neither history nor legends to help them to find out最早的现代人从何而来? where the first 'modern men' came from.
因此,既没有历史记录,也没有传说帮助他们找出最早的现代人从何而来。
9、幸运地,Fortunately,然而, however,古人制造石头工具, ancient men made tools of stone, 特别是,especially flint, 因为because这样比较容易 this is easier成形 to shape与其他类型相比。 than other kinds.
但幸运的是,Fortunately, however,古人制造石头工具, ancient men made tools of stone, 特别是,especially flint, 因为这种石头比其他石头更容易形成。because this is easier to shape than other kinds.
但幸运的是,古人用石头做工具,尤其是赭石,因为它比其他种类的石头更容易形成。
他们可能也使用过它They may also have used木头和兽皮, wood and skins, 但是but这些东西 these 腐烂了。have rotted away.
也许他们用过木头和兽皮, They may also have used wood and skins, 但这些东西已经腐烂了。but these have rotted away.
他们可能也用过木头和兽皮,但这些东西已经腐烂了。
11、 石头不会腐烂,Stone does not decay, 并且因此-and so 很久以前的工具the tools of long ago已经保存 have remained 当时when甚至even那些人的骨头 the bones of the men 制造它们的人who made them已消失了 have disappeared没有踪迹。 without trace.
石头不会腐烂,Stoe does not decay, 并且因此很久以前的工具被保存了下来and so the tools of long ago have remained 当甚至那些制造工具的人的骨头已消失得没有踪迹时。when even the bones of the men who made them have disappeared without trace.
石头不会腐烂。因此,尽管制造工具的人的骨头早已不存在了,但很久以前制造的工具保存了下来。
第一句:我们能够从书中了解到那些发生在近东地区5000年以前的事情,那里的人们最早学会书写。
我们能够从书中了解到事情(我们能够读of-事情们<为-看-热的-哦五-森四>)We can read of things那些事情发生在5000年以前(那个过去发生-5000年们以前<咱特-哈盆的-坏五扫怎的-也儿子-儿狗>) that happened 5,000 years ago 在近东地区(在这附近的东方<因-则-呢儿-一四特>),in the Near East,在那里where(哪里<为儿>)人们最早学会了(人们第一个过去学习<皮破我-福儿四特-冷恩的>)people first learned写字(去写字<图-乳癌特>)。to write.
汉译英练习:
2、 但是But世界上有些地方 there are some parts of the word 在那里where甚至现在 even now人们还不会写字。 people cannot write.
但是But世界上有些地方 there are some parts of the word那里的人们甚至到现在还不会写字。where even now people cannot write.
但是,甚至到现在世界上有些地方的人还不会写字。
3、唯一的方式The only way这个方式(那个) that他们能够保存 they can preserve 他们的历史their history是叙述它 is to recount it 作为传奇故事—一些传说as sagas -- legends 向下传递handed down一代代的。 from one generation of another.
他们保存他们的历史的唯一方式是口述The only way that they can preserve their history is to recount it 作为传奇故事—一些传说as sagas -- legends 一代代的流传下来。handed down from one generation of another.
他们记录历史的唯一方式是通过口述,作为传奇故事—一些传说,代代相传。
4、 这些传说These legends是有用的 are useful因为 because他们能够告诉我们一些事情 they can tell us something 关于人们的迁居about migrations of people 这些人生活在很久以前who lived long ago,但是but 过去没有人能够none could写下来 write down他们过去做了些什么。what they did.
这些传说是有用的 These legends are useful因为它们能够告诉我们生活在很久以前的人们迁居的事情 because they can tell us something about migrations of people who lived long ago,但是过去没有一个人能够记载他们过去做的事情。but none could write down what they did.
这些传说是有用的,因为它们能够告诉我们很久以前人们的一些生存状况,但是当时没有人记载他们过去所做的事情。
5、人类学家们过去感到迷惑Anthropologists wondered 哪里where波利尼西亚人们的遥远的祖先们 the remote ancestors of the Polynesian peoples现在正在居住 now living 在太平洋群岛in the Pacific Islands来自于。 came from.
人类学家们过去不清楚Anthropologists wondered 现在居住在太平洋群岛上波利尼西亚人的遥远的祖先来自哪里。 where the remote ancestors of the Polynesian peoples now living in the Pacific Islands came from.
人类学家不清楚如今居住在太平洋诸岛上的波利尼西亚人的祖先来自何方。
6、 属于这些人的传奇故事The sagas of these people说明了那一点(那个) explain that 他们中的一些人some of them来自于印度尼西亚。 came from Indonesia 大约在2000年以前。about 2,000 years ago.
这些人的传奇故事说明了那一点The sagas of these people explain that 他们中的一些人some of them大约2000年前来自印度尼西亚。 came from Indonesia about 2,000 years ago.
当地人的传说告诉我们,他们中有一部分人大约2000年前来自于印度尼西亚。
7、但是But 原始人the first people和我们相似(他们是像我们自己) who were like ourselves 生活在如此长久以前lived so long ago 以至于(那个)that甚至他们的传说, even their sagas, 如果他们过去有一些,if they had any,是被忘记了。 are forgotten.
但是But和我们相似的原始人生活在如此长久以前 the first people who were like ourselves lived so long ago 以至于甚至他们的传说,that even their sagas, 如果他们过去有的话,if they had any,也已经被忘却。 are forgotten.
但是,和我们相似的原始人生活的年代太久远了,所有即使过去有一些关于他们的传说也已经失传。
8、如此一来So 考古学家们 archaeologists 既没有历史也没有传说have neither history nor legends 帮助他们搞清楚to help them to find out最早的“现代人”从哪里来。 where the first 'modern men' came from.
所以考古学家既没有历史也没有传说帮助他们搞清楚So archaeologists have neither history nor legends to help them to find out最早的“现代人”从哪里来。 where the first 'modern men' came from.
所以,既无历史记载也无传说帮助他们弄清最早的“现代人”从哪里来。
9、 幸运地,Fortunately,然而, however,远古人制造石头工具, ancient men made tools of stone, 特别是燧石,especially flint, 因为because这个是比较容易 this is easier成形 to shape比其它的种类们。 than other kinds.
然而幸运的是,Fortunately, however,远古人制造石头工具,特别是燧石, ancient men made tools of stone, especially flint, 因为这种燧石比其它种类的石头容易成形。because this is easier to shape than other kinds.
然而幸运的是,远古人用石头制造工具,特别是燧石,因为燧石比其它种类的石头更容易成形。
10、他们可能还使用过They may also have used木头和兽皮们, wood and skins, 但是but这些东西 these 已经腐烂掉了。have rotted away.
他们可能还使用过木头和兽皮, They may also have used wood and skins, 但是这些东西已经腐烂掉了。but these have rotted away.
他们可能还使用过木头和兽皮,但是这些东西已经腐烂掉了。
11、 石头不会腐烂,Stone does not decay, 并且and 因此- so 很久以前的工具the tools of long ago已经保存 have remained 当时when甚至even那些人的骨头们 the bones of the men 那些人制造了它们who made them已消失了 have disappeared没有踪迹。 without trace.
石头不会腐烂,Stone does not decay, 并且and 因此很久以前的工具被保存了下来so the tools of long ago have remained 当甚至那些制造工具的人的骨头已消失得没有踪迹时。when even the bones of the men who made them have disappeared without trace.
石头不会腐烂。因此,尽管制造工具的人的骨头早已不存在了,但很久以前制造的工具保存了下来。
Lesson 2 Spare that spider
不要伤害蜘蛛
1、 为什么, Why,你可能感到好奇, you may wonder,蜘蛛们将会是should spiders be我们的朋友们? our friends?
为什么, Why,你可能感到好奇, you may wonder,蜘蛛会是我们的朋友? should spiders be our friends?
你可能感到好奇,为什么蜘蛛会是我们的朋友呢?
2、 因为Because它们消灭 they destroy 如此多的昆虫们,so many insects, 并且and昆虫包括了 insects include人类最大的敌人中的一些。some of the greatest enemies of the human race.
因为它们消灭如此多的昆虫,Because they destroy so many insects, 并且and昆虫包括了一些人类的最大敌人。 insects include some of the greatest enemies of the human race.
因为他们消灭的昆虫如此之多,其中包括一些我们人类的最大的敌人。
3、 昆虫们Insects可能将会使得那成为不可能 would make it impossible对于我们而言 for us 生活在这个世界上;to live in the world; 它们可能将会they would 吞噬devour全部的我们的庄稼们 all our crops 并且and杀死我们的牛羊们,kill our flocks and herds,如果不是if it were not 因为我们得到的保护for the protection we get 从食虫动物们处。from insect-eating animals.
昆虫可能会使我们不可能在这个世界上生活;Insects would make it impossible for us to live in the world; 它们可能会吞噬我们的所有庄稼they would devour all our crops 并且杀死我们的成群的牛羊,and kill our flocks and herds,如果不是因为我们从食虫动物那里得到了保护。if it were not for the protection we get from insect-eating animals.
如果不是人类受到了一些食虫动物的保护,昆虫可能会吞噬掉我们的全部庄稼,杀死我们的成群的牛羊,使得我们不可能在这个世界生存。
4、 我们把很多归功于We owe a lot to 鸟们和野兽们the birds and beasts 它们吃昆虫们who eat insects 但是but它们的全部 all of them放在一起 put together 仅仅杀死kill only一个小的比例 a fraction of the number 被蜘蛛们消灭的。destroyed by spiders.
我们很感谢那些吃昆虫的鸟类和野兽We owe a lot to the birds and beasts who eat insects 但是but它们的全部加在一起 all of them put together 杀死的也只是蜘蛛所消灭的昆虫的一小部分。kill only a fraction of the number destroyed by spiders.
我们很感谢那些吃昆虫的鸟类和野兽。但是,它们吃掉的昆虫全部加在一起也只占蜘蛛所消灭的昆虫的很小部分。
5、 此外,Moreover, 不像unlike 一些其他的食虫动物some of the other insect eaters, 蜘蛛们spiders从来不做 never do 丝毫的伤害the least harm 对我们或者我们的财物。to us or our belongings.
此外,Moreover, 不像一些其它的食虫动物,unlike some of the other insect eaters, 蜘蛛从来不做丝毫的伤害我们或我们的财物的事情。spiders never do the harm to us or our belongings.
此外,不同于一些其它的食虫动物,蜘蛛从来不做丝毫伤害我们或我们的财物的事情。
6、 蜘蛛们不是昆虫们,Spiders are not insects,正如许多人认为的 as many people think, 甚至几乎没有nor even nearly 与它们有关。related to them.
蜘蛛并不像许多人以为的那样是昆虫,Spiders are not insects, as many people think, 甚至几乎与它们没有关系。nor even nearly related to them.
蜘蛛并不像许多人以为的那样是昆虫,甚至几乎与它们没有关系。
7、 人们能够看出不同One can tell the difference几乎看第一眼, almost at a glance, 因为for一只蜘蛛 a spider总有八条腿们 always has eight legs 但是and 昆虫insect从来不多于六条腿们。 never more than six.
人们一眼就能够辨认出不同,One can tell the difference almost at a glance, 因为一只蜘蛛总是八条腿for a spider always has eight legs 但是and 昆虫不会多于六条腿。insect never more than six.
人们一眼就能够辨认出不同,因为一只蜘蛛总是八条腿。但是一个昆虫不会超过六条腿。
8、有多少蜘蛛们How many spiders 被效力于这个工作are engaged in this work 为了我们的利益?on our behalf?
有多少蜘蛛How many spiders为了我们的利益做着这项工作? are engaged in this work no our behalf?
有多少蜘蛛为了我们的利益做着这项工作?
9、一位权威One authority在蜘蛛方面 on spiders 做了一个蜘蛛的统计made a census of the spiders在草地上 in grass field 在英国南部,in the south of England, 并且and他估计了 he estimated那个 that 那里有there were超过2,250,000只的昆虫 more than 2,250,000 in one acre; 也就是说that is something like 6,000,000只不同种类的蜘蛛6,000,000 spiders of different kinds在一个足球场上。on a football pitch.
一位研究蜘蛛方面的权威人士One authority on spiders 在英国南部的一块草坪上作了一项关于蜘蛛的统计,made a census of the spiders in grass field in the south of England, 并且and他那样估计 he estimated that 在-每英亩上有超过2,250,000只的昆虫;there were more than 2,250,000 in one acre; 也就是说-6,000,000只不同种类的蜘蛛在一个足球场上。that is something like 6,000,000 spiders of different kinds on a football pitch.
一位研究蜘蛛方面的权威人士在英国南部的一块草坪上作了一项关于蜘蛛的统计, 并且他估计在每英亩上有超过2,250,000只的昆虫;相当于有6,000,000只不同种类的蜘蛛在同一个足球场上。
10、蜘蛛们忙着Spiders are busy至少有半年的时间 for at least half the year 在吃昆虫。in killing insects.
蜘蛛至少有半年时间忙于吃昆虫。Spiders are busy for at least half the year in killing insects.
蜘蛛每年至少有半年时间在忙于吃昆虫。
11、那是不可能的 It is impossible 去做出超过最大数量的猜测to make more than the wildest guess 在它们杀死多少方面,at how many they kill,而且 but它们是饥饿的动物们, they are hungry creatures, 不满足于not content with仅仅一日三餐。 only three meals a day.
简直无法猜测出它们杀死了多少蜘蛛,It is impossible to make more than the wildest guess at how many they kill,而且 but它们是吃不饱的动物,they are hungry creatures, 不满足一日只吃三餐。not content with only three meals a day.
简直无法猜测出它们杀死了多少蜘蛛,而且它们是吃不饱的动物,不满足一日只吃三餐。
12、据估计(它已是被估计了)It has been estimated那个 that全部的昆虫的数量 the weight of all the insects被蜘蛛消灭的 destroyed by spiders在英国 in Britain在一年里 in one year 可能会超过would be greater than 总的重量the total weight 是全部的人的of all the human beings 在这个国家里。in the country.
据估计It has been estimated 那一点that在英国一年里所有被蜘蛛消灭的昆虫的重量 the weight of all the insects destroyed by spiders in Britain in one year 可能会超过这个国家的所有人的总重量。would be greater than the total weight of all the human beings in the country.
据估计,在英国一年里所有被蜘蛛消灭的昆虫的重量可能会超过这个国家的所有人的总重量。
T. H. GILLESPLE Spare that spider from The Listener
Lesson 3 Matterhorn man
马特霍恩山区人
1、现代登山运动员们Modern alpinists试着去登山try to climb mountains 通过一条路线by a route这条路线将给他们好运动,which will give them good sport,并且 and 它越困难,the more difficult it is, 它被认为越有挑战性。the more highly it is regarded.
现代登山运动员Modern alpinists试图通过一条将带给他们运动乐趣的路线去登山。 try to climb mountains by a route which will give them good sport,并且and道路越艰难,被认为越有挑战性。 the more difficult it is, the more highly it is regarded.
现代登山运动员设法寻找能够带给他们运动乐趣的路线攀登,并且认为道路越艰难越有挑战性。
2、在早期,In the pioneering days,然而, however, 不是这种情况this was not the case 根本不是。at all.
然而在早期,In the pioneering days, however, 根本不是这种情况。this was not the case at all.
然而在登山运动发展的早期,完全不是这种情况。
3、早期登山者们The early climbers当时是正在寻找were looking for最容易的道路the easiest way到山顶,to the top,因为because最高点the summit 是奖品,was the prize他们寻找的, they sought,特别地especially如果它if it还从来没有被到达had never been attained 在以前。before.
早期登山者当时寻找着最容易的通向山顶的道路The early climbers were looking for the easiest way to the top, 因为最高点是他们所寻求的奖品,because the summit was the prize they sought,特别是如果它在以前未曾被人登上过。especially if it had never been attained before.
早期登山者当时寻找着最容易的通向山顶的道路,因为顶峰--特别是以前没有人登过的顶峰是他们寻求的目标,
4、的确如此It is true that在他们的探险期间 during their explorations 他们经常面对着的they often faced困难和危险difficulties and dangers是最恶劣的自然条件of the most perilous nature,装备的程度 equipped in a manner它可能将使which would make一个现代登山者颤抖,a modern climber shudder在想到时,at the thought, 但是but他们当时不是 they did not 不着边际地去寻求go out of their way to court这样的刺激。 such excitement.
的确如此It is true that他们在探险期间经常面对最恶劣的自然条件带来的困难和危险, during their explorations they often faced difficulties and dangers of the most perilous nature,装备简单可能会使现代登山者在想到时吓得发抖,equipped in a manner which would make a modern climber shudder at the thought,但是but他们当时不是不着边际地去寻求这样的刺激。 they did not go out of their way to court such excitement.
的确如此,他们在探险期间经常面对最恶劣的自然条件带来的困难和危险,简单的装备可能会使现代登山者在想到时吓得发抖 但是他们当时不是为了故意寻求这种刺激。
5、他们有They had一个单一目的 a single aim, 一个唯一目标-a solitary goal 山顶!the top!
他们只有一个目的,They had a single aim, 一个唯一目标a solitary goal 顶峰!the top!
他们只有一个目的,一个唯一目标-山顶!
6、那是艰苦的It is hard对于我们 for us去想象 to realize当今 nowadays多么的困难 how difficult它是 it was对于登山先驱者们。 for the pioneers.
今天我们难以想象It is hard for us to realize nowadays它当时对于登山先驱者们是多么的困难。 how difficult it was for the pioneers.
今天我们难以想象过去的登山运动对于登山先驱者们是多么的困难。
7、除了一两个地方Except for one or two places比如策尔马特和夏蒙尼, such as Zermatt and Chamonix, 它们很快地变得受欢迎,which had rapidly become popular, 阿尔卑斯山山区的小村庄们Alpine villages几乎全是贫穷居住区tended to be impoverished settlements这些居住区被分割 cut off 与现代文明from civilization被那些高山们。 by the high mountains.
除了策尔马特和夏蒙尼这一两个很快出了名的地方外,Except for one or two places such as Zermatt and Chamonix which had rapidly become popular, 阿尔卑斯山山区的小村庄几乎全是贫穷居住区Alpine villages tended to be impoverished settlements被高山切断了与文明社会的联系。cut off from civilization by the high mountains.
除了策尔马特和夏蒙尼这一两个很快出了名的地方外,阿尔卑斯山山区的小村庄几乎全是被高山切断了与文明社会联系的穷乡僻壤。
8、一些小酒馆们Such inns如果那儿有的酒店的话 as there were一般是were generally肮脏和不满跳蚤; dirty and flea-ridden;食品只是本地的干酪the food simply local cheese伴面包 accompanied by bread经常存放了十二个月之久, often twelve months old,全部吞下去all washed down和劣质红酒一起。 with coarse wine.
如果那里有小酒馆的话Such inns as there were一般是肮脏的并且布满了跳蚤;were generally dirty and flea-ridden;食品只是当地的干酪和放了一年之久的面包, the food simply local cheese accompanied by bread often twelve months old,和劣质红酒一起全部吞下去。all washed down with coarse wine.
如果那里有小酒馆的话,一般是肮脏的并且布满了跳蚤;食品只是当地的干酪和放了一年之久的面包,和劣质红酒一起全部吞下去。
9、经常Often一个山谷自夸没有小酒店a valley boasted no inn根本没有, at all, 并且and登山者们找到的住所climbers found shelter不管在哪里它们能够找到就行 wherever they could 有时sometimes和当地的牧师在一起with the local priest (牧师通常地是who was usually 和他的教民一样穷as poor as his parishioners), 有时sometimes和牧羊人或者制奶酪的人在一起。with shepherds or cheese-makers.
山谷里经常根本没有小客栈, Often a valley boasted no inn at all, 并且登山者随遇而安and climbers found shelter wherever they could 有时和当地的牧师住在一起 sometimes with the local priest (牧师通常和他的教民一样穷),(who was usually as poor as his parishioners), 有时和牧羊人或者制奶酪的人住在一起。sometimes with shepherds or cheese-makers.
山谷里经常根本没有小客栈,并且登山者随遇而安有时和当地的牧师住在一起 (牧师通常和他的教民一样穷),有时和牧羊人或者制奶酪的人住在一起。
10、始终不变地Invariably基本情况相同; the background was the same:肮脏和贫穷, dirt and poverty,并且很不舒服。 and very uncomfortable.
情况总是一样:Invariably the background was the same:肮脏和贫穷,并且非常不舒适。 dirt and poverty,and very uncomfortable.
情况总是一样:肮脏和贫穷,并且非常不舒适。
11、对于人们来说 For men习惯于 accustomed to吃七道菜的正餐们 eating seven-course dinners并且 and睡在质的优良的亚麻布床单之间,sleeping between fine linen sheets 在家里,at home, 到阿尔卑斯山的改变the change to the Alps 肯定很艰难must have very hard的确。indeed.
对于过惯了一顿饭吃七道菜并且在家里睡在质的优良的亚麻布床单之间的人 For men accustomed to eating seven-course dinners and sleeping between fine linen sheets at home, 到阿尔卑斯山的改变的确一定是很艰难的。the change to the Alps must have very hard indeed.
对于过惯了一顿饭吃七道菜并且在家里睡在质的优良的亚麻布床单之间的人来说,到阿尔卑斯山的这种改变的确一定是很艰难的。
Lesson 4 Seeing hands
能看见东西的手
1、几个事例 Several cases已被报导 have been reported在俄罗斯 in Russia recently关于人们 of people这些人能够辨认颜色 who can detect colours 用他们的手指们,with their fingers,并且甚至 and even看see 通过实体的门和墙。through solid doors and walls.
最近俄罗斯报导了几个事例 Several cases have been reported in Russia recently关于人能够用他们的手指辨认颜色,of people who can detect colours with their fingers,并且甚至穿透实体门和墙看东西。 and even see through solid doors and walls.
最近俄罗斯报导了几个关于人能够用他们的手指辨认颜色并且甚至穿透实体的门和墙看东西的事例。
2、一个例子One case关于concerns 一个11岁的女学生an eleven-year-old schoolgirl, 维拉.彼得罗娃,Vera Petrova, 她有正常视力who has normal vision 而且but她还能够 who can also辨认东西perceive things用她的皮肤的不同部位,with different parts of her skin,并且 and通过实体墙。through solid walls.
有个例子是关于一个11岁的女学生,维拉.彼得罗娃,One case concerns an eleven-year-old schoolgirl, Vera Petrova, 她有着正常的视力who has normal vision 而且but她还能够用她的皮肤的不同部位辨认东西,并且穿过实体墙辨认。 who can also perceive things with different parts of her skin, and through solid walls.
有个例子是关于一个11岁的女学生,维拉.彼得罗娃,她有着正常的视力。而且她还能够用她的皮肤的不同部位辨认东西,并且穿过实体墙辨认。
3、这个能力This ability被第一个注意到was first noticed被她的父亲。by her father.
这个能力被她的父亲第一个注意到了。This ability was first noticed by her father.
他的父亲首先发现她有这种能力。
4、一天One day 她来到了他的办公室she came into his office并且 and偶然放了她的手 happened to put her hands在一个被锁着的保险柜门上。 on the door of a locked safe.
一天她来到了他的办公室One day she came into his office并且偶然地把她的双手放在了锁着的保险柜柜门上。and happened to put her hands on the door of a locked safe.
一天她来到了他的办公室,并且偶然地把双手放在了锁着的保险柜柜门上。
5、突然地Suddenly她问她的父亲 she asked her father 为什么他存放那么多的旧报纸why he kept so many old newspapers锁上放在那儿,locked away there, 并且and甚至描述了放置的方式 even described the way 它们是被竖立着they were done up 成捆的。in bundles.
她突然问她的父亲Suddenly she asked her father 为什么他把那么多的旧报纸锁在那里,why he kept so many old newspapers locked away there, 并且甚至描述了报纸放置的方式and even described the way 它们是成捆的竖立着。they were done up in bundles.
她突然问她的父亲为什么把那么多的旧报纸锁在保险柜里,甚至还说报纸是一捆捆地竖着放在柜子里。
6、维拉的奇特的才能Vera's curious talent 当时被引起了注意was brought to the notice 被一个科学研究院of a scientific research institute 在乌里扬诺夫斯克城,in the town of Ulyanovsk, 在她住的地方附近,near where she lives, 并且and在四月 in April她被给了she was given 一个系列的实验们a series of tests 被一个特别的委员会。by a special commission属于卫生部of the Ministry of Health属于俄罗斯联邦政府共和国。of the Russian Federal Republic.
维拉的特异功能引起了她家附近乌里扬诺夫斯克城的一个科学研究院的注意Vera's curious talent was brought to the notice of a scientific research institute in the town of Ulyanovsk, near where she lives, 并且and在四月份in April俄罗斯联邦卫生部的一个特别的委员会对她进行了一系列的实验。 she was given a series of tests by a special commission of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federal Republic.
维拉的特异功能引起了她家附近乌里扬诺夫斯克城的一个科学研究院的注意并且于四月份由俄罗斯联邦卫生部的一个特别的委员会对她进行了一系列的实验。
7、在这些实验期间 During these tests她当时能够 she was able to -读报纸read a newspaper穿过一个不透明的屏幕through an opaque screen并且 and, 还有更为奇怪的现象,stranger still,通过移动她的肘部 by moving her elbow 在一种儿童的“罗托”游戏的上方over a child's game of Lotto她能够描述 she was able to describe 数字和颜色the figures and colours 被印在它上面的;printed on it; 并且,and,在另一个例子中, in another instance, 穿着长筒袜和拖鞋,wearing stockings and slippers, 识别出了to make out用她的一只脚with her foot一幅画的轮廓和颜色the outlines and colours of a picture藏在一个地毯下面的。hidden under a carpet.
在这些实验期中During these tests她能够穿过一个不透明的屏幕读报纸 she was able to - read a newspaper through an opaque screen并且更为奇怪的是,通过在一种儿童的“罗托”游戏的上方移动她的肘部and, stranger still, by moving her elbow over a child's game of Lotto她能够描述印在它上面的数字和颜色she was able to describe the figures and colours;printed on it; 并且,在另一个例子中,and, in another instance, 穿着长筒袜和拖鞋, wearing stockings and slippers, 用她的一只脚识别出了藏在一块地毯下面的一幅画的轮廓和颜色。to make out with her foot the outlines and colours of a picture hidden under a carpet.
在这些实验期中,她能够穿过一个不透明的屏幕读报纸;并且更为奇怪的是,通过在一种儿童的“罗托”游戏的上方移动她的肘部,她能够描述印在上面的数字和颜色;并且,在另一个例子中,她穿着长筒袜和拖鞋,用一只脚识别出了藏在地毯下面的一幅画的轮廓和颜色。
8、其它实验表明了那一点Other experiments showed that 她的膝盖们和肩膀们her knees and shoulders 有一种类似的敏感度。had a similar sensitivity.
其它实验表明Other experiments showed that她的膝盖和肩膀有类似的敏感度。 her knees and shoulders had a similar sensitivity.
其它实验表明她的膝盖和肩膀有类似的敏感度。
9、在所有这些实验们期间 During all these tests维拉被蒙上了眼睛; Vera was blindfold; 并且,and,的确, indeed, 除了当被蒙上眼睛时except when blindfold 她缺乏了那种能力she lacked the ability识别物体们 to perceive things用她的皮肤。 with her skin.
在所有这些实验期间 During all these tests维拉被蒙上了眼睛; Vera was blindfold; 并且实际上,and, indeed, 除了将眼睛蒙上外她并不具有用皮肤识别物体的能力。except when blindfold she lacked the ability to perceive things with her skin.
在所有这些实验中维拉都被蒙上了眼睛;并且实际上,除了将眼睛蒙上外她并不具有用皮肤识别物体的能力。
10、同时还发现一个现象It was also found that尽管她能够although she could辨认物体们perceive things用她的手指们with her fingers这种能力this ability 消失在那一刻ceased the moment她的手被打湿。 her hands were wet.
同时还发现一个现象It was also found that尽管她能够用她的手指辨认物体although she could perceive things with her fingers这种能力在她的手被打湿时消失。this ability ceased the moment her hands were wet.
同时还发现一个现象,尽管她能够用她的手指辨认物体,但这种能力在她的手被打湿时消失。
Lesson 5 Youth
青年
1、 人们总是正在谈论People are always talking关于“青年问题”。 about 'the problem of youth'.
人们总是谈论关于“青年问题”。People are always talking about 'the problem of youth'.
人们总是谈论关于“青年问题”。
2、 如果有一个--If there is one 对此which我持怀疑态度I take leave to doubt 那么 then正是老年人 it is older people他们造成了它, who create it,并非青年人他们自已。 not the young themselves.
如果这个问题存在的话—对此我持怀疑态度If there is one --which I take leave to doubt 那么是老年人他们造成的这个问题,then it is older people who create it,并非青年人他们自已。 not the young themselves.
如果这个问题存在的话—对此我持怀疑态度,那么是老年人他们造成的这个问题,并非青年人他们自已。
3、 请允许我们Let us 提出一些基本原理get down to fundamentals 并且赞同那一点and agree that--年轻人毕竟是人--the young are after all human beings --人people就好像just like 他们的长辈们。their elders.
请允许我们提出一些基本原理Let us get down to fundamentals 并且赞同那一点--年轻人毕竟是人and agree that --the young are after all human beings –是和他们的长辈们一样的人。people just like their elders.
请允许我们提出一些基本原理并且赞同那一点--年轻人毕竟是人--是和他们的长辈一样的人。
4、 仅有一个不同之处There is only one difference在一个老人和一个青年人两者之间: between an old man and a young one:青年人有一个光辉灿烂的人生前途the young man has a glorious future 在他的前面before him并且 and老年人有一个辉煌的人生前途the old one has a splendid future 在他的后面;behind him: 并且也许and maybe 上述区别是that is摩擦所在的地方。 where the rub is.
5、 在老人和青年人之间存在唯一的不同之处There is only one difference between an old man and a young one:青年人的前面有一个光辉灿烂的未来the young man has a glorious future before him并且 and老年人所拥有的辉煌人生已留在了身后: the old one has a splendid future behind him: 并且也许上述区别正是摩擦所在。and maybe that is where the rub is.
在老年人和青年人之间存在唯一的不同之处:青年人的前面有一个光辉灿烂的未来,但老年人所拥有的辉煌人生已留在了身后:并且也许上述区别正是摩擦所在。
6、 当我还是一个十几岁的青少年时, When I was a teenager, 我感到I felt 那个that我就是年轻 I was just young 和不确定and uncertain –那个that我是一个新男孩I was a new boy 在一所大学里,in a huge school,并且 and我肯定会很开心 I would have been very pleased如果被看成to be regarded 像一个问题一样的某种如此有趣的事物。as something so interesting as a problem.
当我还是一个十几岁的青少年时, When I was a teenager, 我感到自己就是年轻和不确定I felt that I was just young and uncertain –我感到自己作为一个大学新生,that I was a new boy in a huge school, 还有我会很开心如果被看成像一个问题一样的某种如此有趣的事物。and I would have been very pleased to be regarded as something so interesting as a problem.
7、
当我还是一个十几岁的青少年时,我感到自己就是年轻和不确定–我感到自己作为一个大学新生,还有我会很开心如果被看成像一个问题一样的某种如此有趣的事物。
8、 首先,For one thing,当成一个问题being a problem给了你 gives you某种承认, a certain identity, 并且and 那是其中之一that is one of 那些事情the things 年青人the young 忙于热衷于are busily engaged in寻找的事情。seeking.
首先,For one thing,当成一个问题给了你某种承认,being a problem gives you a certain identity, 并且那是年青人忙于热衷寻找的事情之一。and that is one of the things the young are busily engaged in seeking.
首先,当成一个问题给了你某种承认,并且那是年青人忙于热衷寻找的事情之一。
9、 我发现年轻人I find young people令人振奋。 exciting.
我发现年轻人令人振奋。
10、 他们有They have一种空气般的自由, an air of freedom,并且 and他们没有they have not一个陈旧的信条 a dreary commitment 去实现个人野心to mean ambitions或贪图舒适。 or love of comfort.
他们无拘无束,They have an air of freedom,并且 and他们没有陈旧的信条要去实现个人野心或贪图舒适。 they have not a dreary commitment to mean ambitions or love of comfort.
他们无拘无束,并且他们没有陈旧的信条要去实现个人野心或贪图舒适。
11、 他们不是,They are not急切的社会爬行者们 anxious social climbers,并且 and他们没有专注于 they have no devotion to 物质的东西。material things.
他们不是热衷于在社会上向上爬的人They are not anxious social climbers,并且 and他们没有专注于物质的东西。 they have no devotion to material things.
他们不是热衷于在社会上向上爬的人,他们也没有一味追求物质享受。
12、 所有这个 All this似乎让我 seems to me联系他们to link them和生命在一起 with life, 还有事物的起源。and the origins of things.
所有这个似乎让我将他们和生命联系在一起All this seems to me to link them with life, 和万物之源联系在一起。and the origins of things.
所有的这一切似乎让我将他们与生命和万物之源联系在一起。
13、 它是It's就好像他们是, as if they were, 在某种意义上in some sense, 宇宙人cosmic beings 在强烈和鲜明的对比in violent and lovely contrast 和我们with us一些没有见识的人。 suburban creatures.
事实上在某种意义上,他们就好像是宇宙人It's as if they were, in some sense, cosmic beings与我们这些凡夫俗子形成了强烈和鲜明的对比。in violent and lovely contrast with us suburban creatures.
事实上在某种意义上,他们就好像是宇宙人,与我们这些凡夫俗子形成了强烈和鲜明的对比。
14、 以上全部All that 是在我的脑子里is in my mind当我遇到一个青年人时。when I meet a young person.
以上都是我的内心想法All that is in my mind当我遇到青年人时。when I meet a young person.
以上都是我遇到青年人时的内心想法。
15、 他可能是自负的,He may be conceited,行为不礼貌, ill-mannered, 冒失或者无知,presumptuous or fatuous,但是 but我不会 I do not寻求保护 turn for protection 向枯燥的陈词滥调to dreary cliches 关于什么要尊重长辈--about respect of elders – 就好像as if 只不过年纪mere age 就是一个理由were a reason 获得尊重。for respect.
他可能自负,不礼貌,冒失或无知, He may be conceited, ill-mannered, presumptuous or fatuous,但是 but我不会用关于要尊重长辈这一类枯燥的陈词滥调来寻求保护 I do not turn for protection to dreary cliches --about respect of elders –就好像只不过年纪大一点就是获得尊重的理由。as if mere age were a reason for respect.
他可能自负,不礼貌,冒失或无知,但是我不会用关于要尊重长辈这一类枯燥的陈词滥调来寻求保护–就好像只不过年纪大一点就是获得尊重的理由。
16、 我承认那一点 I accept that 我们是平等的,we are equals, 并且and我会与他争论 I will argue with him, 以一个平等的身份,as an equal, 如果我认为if I think他是错误的。he is wrong.
我承认我们是平等的 I accept that we are equals, 并且我会以平等的身份和他争论and I will argue with him, as an equal, 如果我认为他错了。if I think he is wrong.
我承认我们是平等的,并且如果我认为年青人错了,我会以平等的身份和他争论。
Lesson 6 The sporting spirit
体育的精神
1、 我总是异常惊讶I am always amazed当某时when我听到人们说什么I hear people saying that 体育运动产生友好,sport creates goodwill在两个国家之间between the nations, 还有什么and that只要if only世界各国的普通民众the common peoples of the world 能够互相相遇could meet one another在足球场或板球场,at football or cricket, 他们可能将they would没有意向相遇 have no inclination to meet 在战场上。on the battlefield.
我总是异常惊讶I am always amazed当我听到人们说什么体育运动在两个国家之间产生友好时,when I hear people saying that sport creates goodwill between the nations, 还有什么只要世界各国的普通民众能够互相相遇在足球场或板球场,and that if only the common peoples of the world could meet one another at football or cricket,他们可能将没有意向在战场上相遇。they would have no inclination to meet on the battlefield.
当我听到人们说什么体育运动在两个国家之间产生友好时,还有什么只要世界各国的普通民众能够互相相遇在足球场或板球场,他们可能将没有意向在战场上相遇等等,总是感到异常惊讶。
2、 即使 Even if一个人没有认识到one didn't know从具体的例子中 from concrete examples (1936年的奥运会,the 1936 Olympic Games, 例如for instance) 那一点that国际体育比赛international sporting contests 导致无节制的仇恨,lead to orgies of hatred,一个人能够 one could推断出那一点 deduce it从一般原则中。 from general principles.
即使一个人没有从具体的例子中(例如1936年的奥运会)认识到那一点 Even if one didn't know from concrete examples (the 1936 Olympic Games, for instance) that国际体育比赛导致疯狂的仇恨,international sporting contests lead to orgies of hatred,他也能够从常理中推断出来。 one could deduce it from general principles.
即使一个人没有从具体的例子中(例如1936年的奥运会)认识到国际体育比赛导致疯狂的仇恨,他也能够从常理中推断出来。
3、 几乎Nearly所有的体育运动 all the sports practise 当今nowadays 是竞争性的。are competitive.
几乎当今所有的体育运动Nearly all the sports practise nowadays是竞争性的。are competitive.
几乎当今所有的体育运动都具有竞争性。
4、 你比赛You play为了获胜,to win,并且 and这个比赛the game没有一点意义 has little meaning除非 unless你尽了最大努力 you do your utmost 为了获胜。to win.
你为了获胜而比赛,You play to win,并且除非你尽了最大努力,否则比赛没有一点意义。and the game has little meaning unless you do your utmost to win.
你为了获胜而比赛,并且除非你尽了最大努力,否则比赛没有一点意义。
5、 句子分解一:在乡村草地上,On the village green, 在那里where 你随意地组成各队you pick up sides 并且and没有地方主义的感觉no feeling of local patriotism被涉及到,is involved, 那是可能的it is possible比赛to play 只是为了娱乐和锻炼身体simply for the fun and exercise: 但是but 威望问题一唤醒,as soon as the question of prestige arises, 你一感觉到那一点as soon as you feel that你和一些大的团体you and some larger unit 将是被丢了脸面的will be disgraced如果你输了, if you lose,最野蛮的、好斗的天性the most savage combative instincts被激发。 are aroused.
句子分解二:在乡村草地上你随意地组成各队On the village green, where you pick up sides 并且and没有感觉到地方主义夹杂其中,no feeling of local patriotism is involved, 比赛的目的只是为了娱乐和锻炼身体是有可能的;it is possible to play simply for the fun and exercise: 但是一旦产生荣誉问题,but as soon as the question of prestige arises,你一感觉到如果你输了你和一些大的团体将会丢脸,as soon as you feel that you and some larger unit will be disgraced if you lose,那种最野蛮好斗的天性就会被激发出来。the most savage combative instincts are aroused.
参考译文:在乡村草地上你随意地组成两个队并且没有感觉到地方主义色彩夹杂其中,比赛只是为了娱乐和锻炼身体是有可能的;但是一旦产生荣誉问题,你一感觉到如果你输了你和一些大的团体将会丢脸,那种最野蛮好斗的天性就会被激发出来。
6、 任何人Anyone 他参加过体育比赛who has played即使even在学校的足球比赛中 in a school football match 知道这一点。knows this.
任何参加过体育比赛的人-即使只是一所学校的足球赛,Anyone who has played even in a school football match 都知道这一点。knows this.
任何参加过体育比赛的人-即使只是一所学校的足球赛,都知道这一点。
7、 在国际级别的比赛中,At the international level,体育sport 坦率地说是is frankly模拟战争。 mimic warfare.
在国际级别的比赛中,At the international level, 坦率地说体育就是一场模拟战争。sport is frankly mimic warfare.
在国际级别的比赛中,坦率地说体育就是一场模拟战争。
8、 而且But重要的事情the significant thing不是is not 运动员的行为the behaviour of the players 而是but 观众的态度;the attitude of the spectators: 还有,and,观众的后面的, behind the spectators,是各个国家of the nations 他们使他们自己变成的复仇者who work themselves into furies通过这些荒谬的争夺,over these absurd contests, 并且真的相信and seriously believe –至少短时期内-- at any rate for short periods 什么跑步,that running, 跳跃jumping或者踢球 and kicking a ball是民族道德素质的检验。 are tests of national virtue.
而且But重要的事情不是运动员们的行为而是观众的态度;the significant thing is not the behaviour of the players but the attitude of the spectators: 还有,and,在观众的后面的,behind the spectators, 是通过这些荒谬的争夺使自己变成复仇者的各个国家, of the nations who work themselves into furies over these absurd contests, 并且真的相信–至少短时期内什么跑步,and seriously believe -at any rate for short periods that running, 跳跃或者踢球是民族道德素质的检验。jumping and kicking a ball are tests of national virtue.
而且重要的事情不是运动员们的行为而是观众的态度;还有,在观众的后面的,是通过这些荒谬的争夺使自己变成复仇者的各个国家,并且真的相信–至少短时期内什么跑步,跳跃或者踢球是对一个民族的道德素质检验。
Lesson 7 Bats
蝙蝠
1、不是所有声音Not all sounds由动物发出的made by animals作为语言使用,serve as language, 并且and 我们仅仅是也不得不we have only to 借助于turn to 那个极不寻常的发现that extraordinary discovery回声定位技术的 of echo-location在蝙蝠身上in bats 去探究to see在什么情况下 a case in which 声音扮演着the voice plays绝对有用的角色。a strictly utilitarian role.
不是所有由动物发出的声音作为语言使用,Not all sounds made by animals serve as language, 并且and我们仅仅是也不得不借助于那个极不寻常的蝙蝠回声定位技术的发现we have only to turn to that extraordinary discovery of echo-location in bats 去探究在什么情况下声音扮演着绝对有用的角色。to see a case in which the voice plays a strictly utilitarian role.
不是所有由动物发出的声音作为语言使用,并且我们仅仅是也不得不借助于那个极不寻常的蝙蝠回声定位技术的发现去探究在什么情况下声音扮演着绝对有用的角色。
2、为了完全的理解关于To get a full appreciation of这句话的意思是什么 what this means 我们必须we must首先借助于 turn first to 一些最新的人类发明。some recent human inventions.
为了完全理解这句话的含义To get a full appreciation of what this means 我们必须首先借助于一些最新人类发明。we must turn first to some recent human inventions.
为了完全理解这句话的含义,我们必须首先借助于一些最新人类发明。
3、每个人都知道那一点Everyone knows that如果他叫喊 if he shouts 在附近的墙壁in the vicinity of a wall或者半山腰,or a mountainside,一个回声 an echo将回来。will come back.
每个人都知道如果他在附近的墙壁或者半山腰大声喊叫,Everyone knows that if he shouts in the vicinity of a wall or a mountainside,将传回一个回声。an echo will come back.
每个人都知道如果他在附近的墙壁或者半山腰大声喊叫,会听到回声。
4、距离越远,The further离开这个实体障碍物off this solid obstruction, 时间将用的越长the longer time will elapse回声的返回。for the return of the echo.
离开这个实体障碍物越远,The further off this solid obstruction, 回声返回用的时间越长。the longer time will elapse for the return of the echo.
离开这个实体障碍物越远,回声返回的时间越长。
5、一个声音A sound通过敲打船体发出 made by tapping on the hull of a ship将被反射回来,will be reflected从海底,from the sea bottom, -并且 and通过测算by measuring 时间间隔the time interval在敲打和收到回声两者之间的between the taps and the receipt of the echoes, 在那一点海的深度the depth of the sea at that point能够被计算出来。can be calculated.
敲打船体发出的声音会从海底反射回来,A sound made by tapping on the hull of a ship will be re