Docker-锐单电子商城

Docker概述

通过Docker一个项目可以与环境配置一起包装在线

比较Docker不同于虚拟机技术：

传统虚拟机：虚拟硬件，运行完整的操作系统，然后安装和操作软件
宿主机的应用程序直接运行在宿主机的核心。容器没有自己的核心或虚拟硬件，所以它很轻
每个容器相互隔离，每个容器都有自己的文件系统，不相互影响

DevOps (开发、运维)

应用的交付和部署应用程序

传统:一堆帮助文档，安装程序

Docker：包装镜像发布测试，一键操作

升级和扩展更方便

使用了docker之后，我们部署应用程序就像积木一样

系统运维更简单

容器化后，我们的开发和测试都高度一致

利用更有效的计算资源

Docker它是一种核级虚拟化。许多容器实例可以在物理机器上运行，服务器的性能可以压到极致

Docker入门

Docker的基本组成

镜像(image)：

docker镜像就像一个模板，可以通过这个模板创建容器服务，tomcat镜像=>run=>tomcat01容器(提供服务器)可以通过此镜像创建多个容器(最终服务运行或项目运行在容器中)

容器(container)：

Docker通过镜像创建的容器技术独立运行一组或一组应用程序。

启动、停止、删除等基本命令

这个容器目前可以理解为简单linux系统，项目

仓库(repository)：

仓库是存放镜像的地方！

仓库分为公和私仓

Docker Hub

阿里云(配置镜像加速)

Docker的安装

环境准备

一台服务器

环境查看

#系统内核为3.10以上 [root@logpumServer /]# uname -r 3.10.0-1062.18.1.el7.x86_64

#系统版本 [root@logpumServer /]# cat /etc/os-release  NAME="CentOS Linux" VERSION="7 (Core)" ID="centos" ID_LIKE="rhel fedora" VERSION_ID="7" PRETTY_NAME="CentOS Linux 7 (Core)" ANSI_COLOR="0;31" CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:centos:centos:7" HOME_URL="https://www.centos.org/" BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.centos.org/"  CENTOS_MANTISBT_PROJECT="CentOS-7" CENTOS_MANTISBT_PROJECT_VERSION="7" REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT="centos" REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT_VERSION="7"

安装

帮助文档：Install Docker Engine | Docker Documentation

#1.卸载旧版本 yum remove docker \                   docker-client \                   docker-client-latest \                   docker-common \
                  docker-latest \
                  docker-latest-logrotate \
                  docker-logrotate \
                  docker-engine
                  
#2.需要的安装包
yum install -y yum-utils

#3.设置镜像的仓库
yum-config-manager \
    --add-repo \
    https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo    #默认是国外的，很慢
    
yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

#更新yum软件包索引
yum makecache fast

#4.安装docker相关的内容 docker-ce 社区版 ee 企业版
yum install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

#5.启动docker
systemctl start docker

#6.使用docker version查看是否安装成功
docker version

#7.hello-world程序
docker run hello-world

#8.查看下载的这个hello world镜像
[root@logpumServer /]# docker images
REPOSITORY    TAG          IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
rabbitmq      management   6c3c2a225947   7 weeks ago    253MB
hello-world   latest       feb5d9fea6a5   4 months ago   13.3kB

卸载docker

#1.卸载依赖
yum remove docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

#2.删除资源
rm -rf /var/lib/docker
rm -rf /var/lib/containerd

阿里云镜像加速

登录阿里云，查找到容器镜像服务
找到镜像加速地址

配置使用

sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker
sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF' { "registry-mirrors": ["https://bonxsj98.mirror.aliyuncs.com"] } EOF
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart docker

回顾helloworld流程

底层原理

Docker是怎么工作的

Docker是一个 Client-Server结构的系统，Docker的守护进程运行在主机上，通过Socket从客户端访问。

DockerServer接收到Docker-Client的指令，就会执行这个命令。

Docker为什么比虚拟机快？

Docker有着比虚拟机更少的抽象层
Docker用的是宿主机的内核，VM需要Guest OS

所以说，新建一个容器的时候，Docker不需要像虚拟机一样重新加载一个操作系统内核，避免引导。虚拟机是加载 Guest OS，分钟级别的，而Docker是利用宿主机的操作系统，省略了这个复杂的过程，秒级

Docker的常用命令

帮助命令

docker version	   # 显示docker的版本信息
docker info		   # 显示docker的系统信息，包括镜像和容器的数量
docker 命令 --help  # 帮助命令

帮助文档的地址：Reference documentation | Docker Documentation

镜像命令

docker images 查看所有本地主机上的镜像

[root@logpumServer /]# docker images
REPOSITORY    TAG          IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
rabbitmq      management   6c3c2a225947   7 weeks ago    253MB
hello-world   latest       feb5d9fea6a5   4 months ago   13.3kB

# 解释
REPOSITORY  镜像的仓库源
TAG         镜像的标签
IMAGE ID	镜像的id
CREATED     镜像的创建时间
SIZE        镜像的大小

# 可选项
-a, --all             # 列出所有镜像
-q, --quiet           # 只显示镜像的id

docker search 搜索镜像

[root@logpumServer /]# docker search mysql
NAME                              DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
mysql                             MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation…   12060     [OK]       
mariadb                           MariaDB Server is a high performing open sou…   4622      [OK]       

# 可选项
--filter=STARS=3000    # 搜索出来的镜像就是STARS大于3000的
[root@logpumServer /]# docker search mysql --filter=STARS=3000
NAME      DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
mysql     MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation…   12060     [OK]       
mariadb   MariaDB Server is a high performing open sou…   4622      [OK]

docker pull 下载镜像

# 下载镜像 docker pull 镜像名[:tag]
[root@logpumServer /]# docker pull mysql
Using default tag: latest				# 如果不写 tag，默认就是lastet最新版
latest: Pulling from library/mysql
72a69066d2fe: Pull complete 			# 分层下载，docker image的核心 联合文件系统
93619dbc5b36: Pull complete 
99da31dd6142: Pull complete 
626033c43d70: Pull complete 
37d5d7efb64e: Pull complete 
ac563158d721: Pull complete 
d2ba16033dad: Pull complete 
688ba7d5c01a: Pull complete 
00e060b6d11d: Pull complete 
1c04857f594f: Pull complete 
4d7cfa90e6ea: Pull complete 
e0431212d27d: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:e9027fe4d91c0153429607251656806cc784e914937271037f7738bd5b8e7709
Status: Downloaded newer image for mysql:latest
docker.io/library/mysql:latest          # 真实地址

#二者等价
docker pull mysql
docker pull docker.io/library/mysql:latest

# 指定版本下载
[root@logpumServer /]# docker pull mysql:5.7
5.7: Pulling from library/mysql
72a69066d2fe: Already exists 
93619dbc5b36: Already exists 
99da31dd6142: Already exists 
626033c43d70: Already exists 
37d5d7efb64e: Already exists 
ac563158d721: Already exists 
d2ba16033dad: Already exists 
0ceb82207cd7: Pull complete 
37f2405cae96: Pull complete 
e2482e017e53: Pull complete 
70deed891d42: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:f2ad209efe9c67104167fc609cca6973c8422939491c9345270175a300419f94
Status: Downloaded newer image for mysql:5.7
docker.io/library/mysql:5.7

[root@logpumServer /]# docker images
REPOSITORY    TAG          IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
mysql         5.7          c20987f18b13   6 weeks ago    448MB
mysql         latest       3218b38490ce   6 weeks ago    516MB
rabbitmq      management   6c3c2a225947   7 weeks ago    253MB
hello-world   latest       feb5d9fea6a5   4 months ago   13.3kB

docker rmi 删除镜像

[root@logpumServer /]# docker rmi -f 镜像id 删除指定镜像
[root@logpumServer /]# docker rmi -f 镜像id 镜像id 镜像id 删除多个镜像
[root@logpumServer /]# docker rmi -f $(docker images -aq) 删除全部镜像

[root@logpumServer /]# docker rmi -f 3218b38490ce
Untagged: mysql:latest
Untagged: mysql@sha256:e9027fe4d91c0153429607251656806cc784e914937271037f7738bd5b8e7709
Deleted: sha256:3218b38490cec8d31976a40b92e09d61377359eab878db49f025e5d464367f3b
Deleted: sha256:aa81ca46575069829fe1b3c654d9e8feb43b4373932159fe2cad1ac13524a2f5
Deleted: sha256:0558823b9fbe967ea6d7174999be3cc9250b3423036370dc1a6888168cbd224d
Deleted: sha256:a46013db1d31231a0e1bac7eeda5ad4786dea0b1773927b45f92ea352a6d7ff9
Deleted: sha256:af161a47bb22852e9e3caf39f1dcd590b64bb8fae54315f9c2e7dc35b025e4e3
Deleted: sha256:feff1495e6982a7e91edc59b96ea74fd80e03674d92c7ec8a502b417268822ff

[root@logpumServer /]# docker rmi -f $(docker images -aq)

容器命令

说明：有了镜像才可以创建容器，linux，下载一个centos镜像来测试学

docker pull centos

新建容器并启动

  docker run [可选参数] image

# 参数说明
--name="Name"    容器名字    tomcat01   tomcat02  用来区分容器
-d				 后台方式运行，jar nohup
-it				 使用交互方式进行，进入容器查看内容
-p				 指定容器的端口  -p 8080:8080
	-p ip:主机端口:容器端口
	-p 主机端口:容器端口	(常用)
	-p 容器端口
	容器端口
-P				 随机指定端口

# 测试,启动并进入容器
[root@logpumServer /]# docker run -it centos /bin/bash
[root@c6ee96530118 /]# ls
bin  dev  etc  home  lib  lib64  lost+found  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var
# 从容器中退回主机
[root@c6ee96530118 /]# exit
exit

列出所有运行的容器

# 正在运行
[root@logpumServer /]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES

# 正在运行和曾经运行过的
[root@logpumServer /]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                 COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                          PORTS     NAMES
c6ee96530118   centos                "/bin/bash"              4 minutes ago       Exited (0) About a minute ago             epic_heisenberg
163a5cdb9d84   hello-world           "/hello"                 About an hour ago   Exited (0) About an hour ago              stoic_shirley
f1e80d575274   rabbitmq:management   "docker-entrypoint.s…"   12 days ago         Exited (0) 9 days ago                     myrabbit

# -n 列出最近的n个，这里为1个
[root@logpumServer /]# docker ps -a -n=1
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED         STATUS                     PORTS     NAMES
c6ee96530118   centos    "/bin/bash"   7 minutes ago   Exited (0) 4 minutes ago             epic_heisenberg

# -q 只显示容器id
[root@logpumServer /]# docker ps -a -q
c6ee96530118
163a5cdb9d84
f1e80d575274

退出容器

exit    # 容器停止并退出
ctrl+P+Q    # 容器不停止并退出

**删除容器 **

docker rm 容器id		# 删除指定容器，不能删除正在运行的容器，如果要强制删除，rm -f
docker rm -f 或者 docker rm -f $(docker ps -aq)  #删除所有容器
docker ps -a -q|xargs docker rm  # 删除所有容器

启动和停止容器的操作

docker start 容器id		# 启动容器
docker restart 容器id		# 重启容器
docker stop 容器id		# 停止当前正在运行的容器
docker kill 容器id		# 强制停止当前容器

[root@logpumServer /]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                 COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS                      PORTS     NAMES
c6ee96530118   centos                "/bin/bash"              22 minutes ago   Exited (0) 19 minutes ago             epic_heisenberg
163a5cdb9d84   hello-world           "/hello"                 2 hours ago      Exited (0) 2 hours ago                stoic_shirley
f1e80d575274   rabbitmq:management   "docker-entrypoint.s…"   12 days ago      Exited (0) 9 days ago                 myrabbit
[root@logpumServer /]# docker start c6ee96530118
c6ee96530118
[root@logpumServer /]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED          STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
c6ee96530118   centos    "/bin/bash"   22 minutes ago   Up 5 seconds             epic_heisenberg
[root@logpumServer /]# docker stop c6ee96530118
c6ee96530118
[root@logpumServer /]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES

常用其他命令

后台启动容器

# 通过镜像启动容器
[root@logpumServer /]# docker run -d centos

# 问题：docker ps 的时候发现centos停止了

# 常见的坑:docker容器使用后台运行，就必须要有一个前台进程，docker发现没有应用，就会自动停止
# 容器启动后，发现自己没有提供服务，就会立刻停止，就是没有程序了

查看日志

docker logs

# 查看最近的10条日志
-tf			   # 显示日志
--tail number  # 要显示的记录条数
docker logs -f -t --tail 10 e5842a6d2ce6

查看容器中的进程信息

top命令
docker top

# 命令 docker top 容器id
[root@logpumServer /]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED          STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
e5842a6d2ce6   centos    "/bin/bash"   12 minutes ago   Up 12 minutes             nostalgic_bouman
[root@logpumServer /]# docker top e5842a6d2ce6
UID                 PID                 PPID                C                   STIME               TTY                 TIME                CMD
root                1998                1981                0                   17:17               ?                   00:00:00            /bin/bash

查看镜像的元数据

# 命令
docker inspect 容器id

# 测试
[root@logpumServer /]# docker inspect e5842a6d2ce6
[
    { 
        
        "Id": "e5842a6d2ce6fe2933371780c5774d35dd3928358e52bcad82ac62f69ff9a213",
        "Created": "2022-02-06T09:17:48.627055337Z",
        "Path": "/bin/bash",
        "Args": [],
        "State": { 
        
            "Status": "running",
            "Running": true,
            "Paused": false,
            "Restarting": false,
            "OOMKilled": false,
            "Dead": false,
            "Pid": 1998,
            "ExitCode": 0,
            "Error": "",
            "StartedAt": "2022-02-06T09:17:48.942830393Z",
            "FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
        },
        "Image": "sha256:5d0da3dc976460b72c77d94c8a1ad043720b0416bfc16c52c45d4847e53fadb6",
        "ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/e5842a6d2ce6fe2933371780c5774d35dd3928358e52bcad82ac62f69ff9a213/resolv.conf",
        "HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/e5842a6d2ce6fe2933371780c5774d35dd3928358e52bcad82ac62f69ff9a213/hostname",
        "HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/e5842a6d2ce6fe2933371780c5774d35dd3928358e52bcad82ac62f69ff9a213/hosts",
        "LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/e5842a6d2ce6fe2933371780c5774d35dd3928358e52bcad82ac62f69ff9a213/e5842a6d2ce6fe2933371780c5774d35dd3928358e52bcad82ac62f69ff9a213-json.log",
        "Name": "/nostalgic_bouman",
        "RestartCount": 0,
        "Driver": "overlay2",
        "Platform": "linux",
        "MountLabel": "",
        "ProcessLabel": "",
        "AppArmorProfile": "",
        "ExecIDs": null,
        "HostConfig": { 
        
            "Binds": null,
            "ContainerIDFile": "",
            "LogConfig": { 
        
                "Type": "json-file",
                "Config": { 
        }
            },
            "NetworkMode": "default",
            "PortBindings": { 
        },
            "RestartPolicy": { 
        
                "Name": "no",
                "MaximumRetryCount": 0
            },
            "AutoRemove": false,
            "VolumeDriver": "",
            "VolumesFrom": null,
            "CapAdd": null,
            "CapDrop": null,
            "CgroupnsMode": "host",
            "Dns": [],
            "DnsOptions": [],
            "DnsSearch": [],
            "ExtraHosts": null,
            "GroupAdd": null,
            "IpcMode": "private",
            "Cgroup": "",
            "Links": null,
            "OomScoreAdj": 0,
            "PidMode": "",
            "Privileged": false,
            "PublishAllPorts": false,
            "ReadonlyRootfs": false,
            "SecurityOpt": null,
            "UTSMode": "",
            "UsernsMode": "",
            "ShmSize": 67108864,
            "Runtime": "runc",
            "ConsoleSize": [
                0,
                0
            ],
            "Isolation": "",
            "CpuShares": 0,
            "Memory": 0,
            "NanoCpus": 0,
            "CgroupParent": "",
            "BlkioWeight": 0,
            "BlkioWeightDevice": [],
            "BlkioDeviceReadBps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null,
            "CpuPeriod": 0,
            "CpuQuota": 0,
            "CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,
            "CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,
            "CpusetCpus": "",
            "CpusetMems": "",
            "Devices": [],
            "DeviceCgroupRules": null,
            "DeviceRequests": null,
            "KernelMemory": 0,
            "KernelMemoryTCP": 0,
            "MemoryReservation": 0,
            "MemorySwap": 0,
            "MemorySwappiness": null,
            "OomKillDisable": false,
            "PidsLimit": null,
            "Ulimits": null,
            "CpuCount": 0,
            "CpuPercent": 0,
            "IOMaximumIOps": 0,
            "IOMaximumBandwidth": 0,
            "MaskedPaths": [
                "/proc/asound",
                "/proc/acpi",
                "/proc/kcore",
                "/proc/keys",
                "/proc/latency_stats",
                "/proc/timer_list",
                "/proc/timer_stats",
                "/proc/sched_debug",
                "/proc/scsi",
                "/sys/firmware"
            ],
            "ReadonlyPaths": [
                "/proc/bus",
                "/proc/fs",
                "/proc/irq",
                "/proc/sys",
                "/proc/sysrq-trigger"
            ]
        },
        "GraphDriver": { 
        
            "Data": { 
        
                "LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/5f6730d41dfe3c179e8651bbbb32efd76bff21f5146b7ad24e96c87c3872e646-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/1004de173cd542b758c8b0a016a8ac55af6cf0d96d5b337e0236badce48a826f/diff",
                "MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/5f6730d41dfe3c179e8651bbbb32efd76bff21f5146b7ad24e96c87c3872e646/merged",
                "UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/5f6730d41dfe3c179e8651bbbb32efd76bff21f5146b7ad24e96c87c3872e646/diff",
                "WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/5f6730d41dfe3c179e8651bbbb32efd76bff21f5146b7ad24e96c87c3872e646/work"
            },
            "Name": "overlay2"
        },
        "Mounts": [],
        "Config": { 
        
            "Hostname": "e5842a6d2ce6",
            "Domainname": "",
            "User": "",
            "AttachStdin": true,
            "AttachStdout": true,
            "AttachStderr": true,
            "Tty": true,
            "OpenStdin": true,
            "StdinOnce": true,
            "Env": [
                "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
            ],
            "Cmd": [
                "/bin/bash"
            ],
            "Image": "centos",
            "Volumes": null,
            "WorkingDir": "",
            "Entrypoint": null,
            "OnBuild": null,
            "Labels": { 
        
                "org.label-schema.build-date": "20210915",
                "org.label-schema.license": "GPLv2",
                "org.label-schema.name": "CentOS Base Image",
                "org.label-schema.schema-version": "1.0",
                "org.label-schema.vendor": "CentOS"
            }
        },
        "NetworkSettings": { 
        
            "Bridge": "",
            "SandboxID": "4d4d550bf1de09f7ff118543ffdabd78639b5ad2ff2ef83ebcf1173fa641d6ea",
            "HairpinMode": false,
            "LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
            "LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
            "Ports": { 
        },
            "SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/4d4d550bf1de",
            "SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
            "SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,
            "EndpointID": "b3478faebc4ecf1045004d56b3604b6a4ba43ee7649b4e46a23875f6c16aac09",
            "Gateway": "172.18.0.1",
            "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
            "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
            "IPAddress": "172.18.0.2",
            "IPPrefixLen": 16,
            "IPv6Gateway": "",
            "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:12:00:02",
            "Networks": { 
        
                "bridge": { 
        
                    "IPAMConfig": null,
                    "Links": null,
                    "Aliases": null,
                    "NetworkID": "071c273e37fa55ebbb91f6c1cef0bffa85e0358524d10528f1033622d59be653",
                    "EndpointID": "b3478faebc4ecf1045004d56b3604b6a4ba43ee7649b4e46a23875f6c16aac09",
                    "Gateway": "172.18.0.1",
                    "IPAddress": "172.18.0.2",
                    "IPPrefixLen": 16,
                    "IPv6Gateway": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
                    "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:12:00:02",
                    "DriverOpts": null
                }
            }
        }
    }
]

进入当前正在运行的容器

# 通常容器都是使用后台方式运行的，需要进入容器，修改一些配置

# 命令1
docker exec -it 容器id bashShell

# 测试
[root@logpumServer /]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED          STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
e5842a6d2ce6   centos    "/bin/bash"   24 minutes ago   Up 24 minutes             nostalgic_bouman
[root@logpumServer /]# docker exec -it e5842a6d2ce6 /bin/bash
[root@e5842a6d2ce6 /]# ls
bin  dev  etc  home  lib  lib64  lost+found  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var

# 方式二
docker attach 容器id
# 测试
[root@logpumServer /]# docker attach e5842a6d2ce6
正在执行当前的代码...

# docker exec 进入容器后开启一个新的终端，可以在里面操作（常用）
# docker attach 进入容器正在执行的终端，不会启动新的进程

从容器内拷贝文件到主机上

docker cp 容器id:容器内路径 目的的主机路径

# 测试
[root@logpumServer /]# docker attach e5842a6d2ce6
[root@e5842a6d2ce6 /]# cd /home
[root@e5842a6d2ce6 home]# ls
[root@e5842a6d2ce6 home]# touch test.java
[root@e5842a6d2ce6 home]# ls
test.java
[root@e5842a6d2ce6 home]# exit
exit
# 拷贝文件
[root@logpumServer /]# docker cp e5842a6d2ce6:/home/test.java /home
[root@logpumServer /]# cd /home
[root@logpumServer home]# ls
test.java  www

作业练习

Docker安装nginx

# 1.搜索镜像 建议去dockerhub
# 2.下载镜像 pull
# 3.运行测试 

# 下载镜像
[root@logpumServer /]# docker pull nginx
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/nginx
a2abf6c4d29d: Pull complete 
a9edb18cadd1: Pull complete 
589b7251471a: Pull complete 
186b1aaa4aa6: Pull complete 
b4df32aa5a72: Pull complete 
a0bcbecc962e: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:0d17b565c37bcbd895e9d92315a05c1c3c9a29f762b011a10c54a66cd53c9b31
Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:latest
docker.io/library/nginx:latest

# 查看镜像
[root@logpumServer /]# docker images
REPOSITORY    TAG          IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
nginx         latest       605c77e624dd   5 weeks ago    141MB
mysql         5.7          c20987f18b13   6 weeks ago    448MB
rabbitmq      management   6c3c2a225947   7 weeks ago    253MB
hello-world   latest       feb5d9fea6a5   4 months ago   13.3kB
centos        latest       5d0da3dc9764   4 months ago   231MB

# 启动镜像创建容器
# -d 后台运行
# --name 给容器命名
# -p 宿主机端口:容器内部端口
[root@logpumServer /]# docker run -d --name nginx01 -p 3344:80 nginx
5f21a67dc744a0abbf5570019fbb1f6679f53b0607566f9098283c0811b69e18

# 查看容器
[root@logpumServer /]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED              STATUS              PORTS                  NAMES
5f21a67dc744   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   About a minute ago   Up About a minute   0.0.0.0:3344->80/tcp   nginx01

# 运行测试
[root@logpumServer /]# curl localhost:3344
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
html { 
         color-scheme: light dark; }
body { 
         width: 35em; margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>

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