源码包的安装与磁盘分区

[root@SYL3 ~]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.20.2.tar.gz --2022-04-08 13:46:49--  http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.20.2.tar.gz Resolving nginx.org (nginx.org)... 3.125.197.172, 52.58.199.22, 2a05:d014:edb:5702::6, ... Connecting to nginx.org (nginx.org)|3.125.197.172|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 1062124 (1.0M) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: 'nginx-1.20.2.tar.gz'

nginx-1.20.2.ta 100%[====>]   1.01M  97.6KB/s    in 10s     

2022-04-08 13:47:00 (100 KB/s) - 'nginx-1.20.2.tar.gz' saved [1062124/1062124]

[root@SYL3 ~]# tar xf nginx-1.20.2.tar.gz 
[root@SYL3 ~]# ls
1.1.txt  anaconda-ks.cfg  nginx-1.20.2  nginx-1.20.2.tar.gz

[root@SYL3 ~]# cd nginx-1.20.2
[root@SYL3 nginx-1.20.2]# ls
CHANGES     LICENSE  auto  configure  html  src
CHANGES.ru  README   conf  contrib    man

• 1.缺少编译器

[root@SYL3 nginx-1.20.2]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
checking for OS
 + Linux 4.18.0-348.el8.x86_64 x86_64
checking for C compiler ... not found

./configure: error: C compiler cc is not found
./configure: error: C编译器没有找到cc  
[root@SYL3 nginx-1.20.2]# yum -y install gcc gcc-c++

• 2.HTTP重写需要PCRE库

[root@SYL3 nginx-1.20.2]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx

./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.
./configure: error: HTTP重写模块需要PCRE库。  
You can either disable the module by using --without-http_rewrite_module
option, or install the PCRE library into the system, or build the PCRE library
statically from the source with nginx by using --with-pcre=<path> option.

[root@SYL3 nginx-1.20.2]# yum -y install pcre-devel
Failed to set locale, defaulting to C.UTF-8
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity

• 3.HTTP gzip模块需要zlib库。

./configure: error: the HTTP gzip module requires the zlib library.
./configure: error: HTTP gzip模块需要zlib库。      
You can either disable the module by using --without-http_gzip_module
option, or install the zlib library into the system, or build the zlib library
statically from the source with nginx by using --with-zlib=<path> option.

[root@SYL3 nginx-1.20.2]# 
[root@SYL3 nginx-1.20.2]# yum -y install zlib-devel

• 4.安装nginx的时候没有指定openssl的解压路径

Configuration summary
  + using system PCRE library
  + OpenSSL library is not used
  + using system zlib library

配置概述  
+使用系统PCRE库  
+ OpenSSL库未使用  
+使用系统zlib库  

[root@SYL3 nginx-1.20.2]# ./configure --help|grep ssl
  --with-http_ssl_module             enable ngx_http_ssl_module
  --with-mail_ssl_module             enable ngx_mail_ssl_module
  --with-stream_ssl_module           enable ngx_stream_ssl_module
  --with-stream_ssl_preread_module   enable ngx_stream_ssl_preread_module
  --with-openssl=DIR                 set path to OpenSSL library sources
  --with-openssl-opt=OPTIONS         set additional build options for OpenSSL
[root@SYL3 nginx-1.20.2]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx  --with-http_ssl_module

• 指定openssl后,SSL模块需要OpenSSL库

./configure: error: SSL modules require the OpenSSL library.
./configure:错误:SSL模块需要OpenSSL库。  
You can either do not enable the modules, or install the OpenSSL library
into the system, or build the OpenSSL library statically from the source
with nginx by using --with-openssl=<path> option.

[root@SYL3 nginx-1.20.2]# 
[root@SYL3 nginx-1.20.2]# yum -y install openssl openssl-devel
    
Configuration summary
  + using system PCRE library
  + using system OpenSSL library
  + using system zlib library

[root@SYL3 nginx-1.20.2]# ls
CHANGES     LICENSE   README  conf       contrib  man   src
CHANGES.ru  Makefile  auto    configure  html     objs
[root@SYL3 nginx-1.20.2]# 

• 编译

[root@SYL3 nginx-1.20.2]# nproc
4
[root@SYL3 nginx-1.20.2]# make -j 3
bash: make: command not found
[root@SYL3 nginx-1.20.2]# yum -y install make
[root@SYL3 nginx-1.20.2]# make -j 3

objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_upstream_random_module.o \
objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_upstream_keepalive_module.o \
objs/src/http/modules/ngx_http_upstream_zone_module.o \
objs/ngx_modules.o \
-ldl -lpthread -lcrypt -lpcre -lssl -lcrypto -ldl -lpthread -lz \
-Wl,-E
make[1]: Leaving directory '/root/nginx-1.20.2'
[root@SYL3 nginx-1.20.2]# 

• 安装

[root@SYL3 nginx-1.20.2]# make install
make -f objs/Makefile install
make[1]: Entering directory '/root/nginx-1.20.2'
test -d '/usr/local/nginx' || mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx'
test -d '/usr/local/nginx/sbin' \
        || mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx/sbin'
test ! -f '/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx' \
        || mv '/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx' \
                '/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx.old'
cp objs/nginx '/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx'
test -d '/usr/local/nginx/conf' \
        || mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
cp conf/koi-win '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
cp conf/koi-utf '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
cp conf/win-utf '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
test -f '/usr/local/nginx/conf/mime.types' \
        || cp conf/mime.types '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
cp conf/mime.types '/usr/local/nginx/conf/mime.types.default'
test -f '/usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi_params' \
        || cp conf/fastcgi_params '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
cp conf/fastcgi_params \
        '/usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi_params.default'
test -f '/usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi.conf' \
        || cp conf/fastcgi.conf '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
cp conf/fastcgi.conf '/usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi.conf.defa

• 退出,查看

• [root@SYL3 ~]# ls /usr/local/
  bin  games    lib    libexec  sbin   src
  etc  include  lib64  nginx    share
  [root@SYL3 ~]# ls /usr/local/nginx/
  conf  html  logs  sbin
  [root@SYL3 ~]# ss -antl
  State  Recv-Q Send-Q  Local Address:Port   Peer Address:Port Process                                                      
  LISTEN 0      128           0.0.0.0:22          0.0.0.0:*                                                                 
  LISTEN 0      128              [::]:22             [::]:*                                                                 
  

• 启动

• [root@SYL3 ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx 
  [root@SYL3 ~]# ss -antl
  State  Recv-Q Send-Q  Local Address:Port   Peer Address:Port Process                                                      
  LISTEN 0      128           0.0.0.0:80          0.0.0.0:*                                                                 
  LISTEN 0      128           0.0.0.0:22          0.0.0.0:*                                                                 
  LISTEN 0      128              [::]:22             [::]:*  
  

• 访问地址

• [root@SYL3 ~]# ip a
  1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
      link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
      inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
         valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
      inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
         valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
  2: ens160: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
      link/ether 00:0c:29:88:16:9d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
      inet 192.168.232.128/24 brd 192.168.232.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute ens160
         valid_lft 1347sec preferred_lft 1347sec
      inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe88:169d/64 scope link noprefixroute 
         valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
  [root@SYL3 ~]# 
  
  

• 关闭防火墙

• [root@SYL3 nginx-1.20.2]# cd
  [root@SYL3 ~]# systemctl disable --now firewalld
  Removed /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
  Removed /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
  [root@SYL3 ~]# 
  
  

[root@SYL3 ~]# ls /etc/profile.d/
colorgrep.csh    colorxzgrep.sh  gawk.sh   sh.local
colorgrep.sh     colorzgrep.csh  lang.csh  which2.csh
colorls.csh      colorzgrep.sh   lang.sh   which2.sh
colorls.sh       csh.local       less.csh
colorxzgrep.csh  gawk.csh        less.sh
[root@SYL3 ~]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/nginx/sbin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh
[root@SYL3 ~]# cat /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh 
export PATH=/usr/local/nginx/sbin:$PATH
[root@SYL3 ~]# echo $PATH/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin
[root@SYL3 ~]# source
-bash: source: filename argument required
source: usage: source filename [arguments]
[root@SYL3 ~]# source /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh 
[root@SYL3 ~]# echo $PATH
/usr/local/nginx/sbin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin
[root@SYL3 ~]# pkill nginx
[root@SYL3 ~]# ss -antl
State  Recv-Q Send-Q  Local Address:Port   Peer Address:Port                      Process                       
LISTEN 0      128           0.0.0.0:22          0.0.0.0:*                                                       
LISTEN 0      128              [::]:22             [::]:*                                                       
[root@SYL3 ~]# nginx 
[root@SYL3 ~]# ss -antl
State  Recv-Q Send-Q  Local Address:Port   Peer Address:Port                      Process                       
LISTEN 0      128           0.0.0.0:80          0.0.0.0:*                                                       
LISTEN 0      128           0.0.0.0:22          0.0.0.0:*                                                       
LISTEN 0      128              [::]:22             [::]:*                                                       
[root@SYL3 ~]# 

• 如果安装时不是使用的默认路径，则必须要修改PATH环境变量，以能够识别此程序的二进制文件路径；
  • 修改/etc/profile文件或在/etc/profile.d/目录建立一个以.sh为后缀的文件，在里面定义export PATH=$PATH:/path/to/somewhere
• 默认情况下，系统搜索库文件的路径只有/lib，/usr/lib
  • 增添额外库文件搜索路径方法：
    • 在/etc/ld.so.conf.d/中创建以.conf为后缀名的文件，而后把要增添的路径直接写至此文件中。此时库文件增添的搜索路径重启后有效，若要使用增添的路径立即生效则要使用ldconfig命令
  • ldconfig：通知系统重新搜索库文件

/etc/ld.so.conf和/etc/ls.so.conf.d/*.conf    //配置文件
/etc/ld.so.cache            //缓存文件
-v      //显示重新搜索库的过程
-p      //打印出系统启动时自动加载并缓存到内存中的可用库文件名及文件路径映射关系

• 头文件：输出给系统

  • 默认：系统在/usr/include中找头文件，若要增添头文件搜索路径，使用链接进行

  • ls /usr/local/nginx/
    ls -s /usr/local/nginx/include /usr/include/nginx
    
    

• man文件路径：安装在–prefix指定的目录下的man目录

  • 默认：系统在/usr/share/man中找man文件。此时因为编译安装的时候不是安装到默认路径下，如果要查找man文件则可以使用以下两种方法：

    • man -M /path/to/man_dir command

    • 在/etc/man_db.conf文件中添加一条MANPATH

• 下载 1.apr/apr-1.6.5.tar.gz 2.apr/apr-1.6.5.tar.gz 3./httpd/httpd-2.4.53.tar.gz