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Elasticsearch学习笔记

62-面试题

第1章 Elasticsearch概述

01-开篇

教学视频

结构化数据

非结构化数据

半结构化数据

02-技术选型

Elasticsearch 是什么

The Elastic Stack, 包括 Elasticsearch、 Kibana、 Beats 和 Logstash(也称为 ELK Stack)。可以安全可靠地获取任何来源和格式的数据,然后实时搜索、分析和可视化数据。

Elaticsearch,简称为 ES, ES 是一个, 是整个 ElasticStack 技术栈的核心。

它几乎可以实时存储和检索数据;它具有良好的可扩展性,可扩展到数百台服务器进行处理 PB 等级数据。

elastic 英 [??l?st?k] 美 [??l?st?k] n. 橡胶圈(或带);松紧带 adj. 橡胶圈(或带);有弹性;有弹性;灵活;可变;可伸缩

全文搜索引擎

Google,百度网站搜索,他们根据网页上的关键字生成索引,我们在搜索时输入关键字,他们会返回所有与索引匹配的网页;以及常见的项目应用程序日志搜索等。对于这些非结构化的数据文本,关系数据库搜索不是很好的支持。

一般来说,在传统数据库中,全文检索是非常无味的,因为通常没有人使用数据库存文本字段。全文检索需要扫描整个表。如果数据量很大,即使是正确的 SQL 语法优化也收效甚微。索引已经建立,但维护起来也很麻烦。 insert 和 update 操作将重建索引。

从以上原因可以分析出,在一些生产环境中,使用常规搜索方法,性能很差:

  • 搜索的数据对象是大量的非结构化文本数据。
  • 数十万或数百万甚至更多的文件记录。
  • 基于交互式文本支持大量查询。
  • 全文搜索查询需求非常灵活。
  • 对高度相关的搜索结果有特殊要求,但没有可用的关系数据库。
  • 对不同记录类型、非文本数据操作或安全事务处理的需求相对较少。为了解决结构化数据搜索和非结构化数据搜索性能问题,我们需要专业、强大、强大的全文搜索引擎 。

。其工作原理是计算机索引程序通过扫描文章中的每个单词,为每个单词建立一个索引,指出文章中单词的数量和位置。当用户查询时,搜索程序根据事先建立的索引进行搜索,并将搜索结果反馈给用户。这个过程类似于通过字典中的搜索字表来检查单词。

Elasticsearch 应用案例

03-教学大纲

  • 第1章 Elasticsearch概述
  • 第2章 Elasticsearch入门
  • 第3章 Elasticsearch环境
  • 第4章 Elasticsearch进阶
  • 第5章 Elasticsearch集成
  • 第6章 Elasticsearch优化
  • 第7章 Elasticsearch面试题

第2章 Elasticsearch入门

04-入门-环境准备-环境准备

官方网址

官方文档

Elasticsearch 7.8.0下载页面

Windows 版的 Elasticsearch 压缩包,解压即安装,解压后 Elasticsearch 目录结构如下 :

目录

含义

bin

脚本目录可以执行

config

配置目录

jdk

内置 JDK 目录

lib

类库

logs

日志目录

modules

模块目录

plugins

插件目录

解压后,进入 bin 点击文件目录 elasticsearch.bat 文件启动 ES 服务 。

注意: 9300 端口为 Elasticsearch 集群组件的通信端口, 9200 访问浏览器的端口 http协议 RESTful 端口。

打开浏览器,输入地址: http://localhost:9200,测试返回结果,返回结果如下:

{   "name" : "DESKTOP-LNJQ0VF",   "cluster_name" : "elasticsearch",   "cluster_uuid" : "nCZqBhfdT1-pw8Yas4QU9w",   "version" : {     "number" : "7.8.0",     "build_flavor" : "default",     "build_type" : "zip",     "build_hash" : "757314695644ea9a1dc2fecd26d1a43856725e65",     "build_date" : "2020-06-14T19:35:50.234439Z",     "build_snapshot" : false,     "lucene_version" : "8.5.1",     "minimum_wire_compatibility_version" : "6.8.0",     "minimum_index_compatibility_version" : "6.0.0-beta1"   },   "tagline" : "You Know, for Search" } 

05-入门-RESTful & JSON

REST 指一组架构约束条件和原则。满足这些约束条件和原则的应用程序或设计是 RESTful。 Web 最重要的应用程序 REST 原则是客户端和服务器之间的交互在请求之间是无状态的。从客户端到服务器的每个请求都必须包含理解请求所需的信息。如果服务器在请求之间的任何时间点重启,客户端将不会得到通知。此外,任何可用服务器都可以回答无状态请求,非常适合云计算等环境。为了提高性能,客户端可以缓存数据。

应用程序状态和功能可分为各种资源。资源是一个有趣的概念实体,念实体。应用程序对象、数据库记录、算法等录、算法等。使用每一种资源 URI(Universal Resource Identifier) 得到唯一的地址。为了在客户端和服务器之间传输状态,所有资源共享统一的接口。使用标准 HTTP 方法,比如 GET、 PUT、 POST 和DELETE。

在 REST 样式的 Web 在服务中,每个资源都有一个地址。资源本身就是调用方法的目的 所有资源的标准和方法列表都是一样的。这些方法是标准方法,包括 HTTP GET、 POST、PUT、 DELETE,还可能包括 HEAD OPTIONS。简单的理解就是,

REST 样式的 Web 服务若有返回结果,大多数以JSON字符串形式返回。

06-入门-Postman客户端工具

如果直接通过浏览器向 Elasticsearch 服务器发请求,那么需要在发送的请求中包含 HTTP 标准的方法,而 HTTP 的大部分特性且仅支持 GET 和 POST 方法。所以为了能方便地进行客户端的访问,可以使用 Postman 软件Postman 是一款强大的网页调试工具,提供功能强大的 Web API 和 HTTP 请求调试。

软件功能强大,界面简洁明晰、操作方便快捷,设计得很人性化。 Postman 中文版能够发送任何类型的 HTTP 请求 (GET, HEAD, POST, PUT…),不仅能够表单提交,且可以附带任意类型请求体。

Postman下载页面

07-入门-倒排索引

正排索引(传统)

id

content

1001

my name is zhang san

1002

my name is li si

倒排索引

keyword

id

name

1001, 1002

zhang

1001

Elasticsearch 是,一条数据在这里就是一个文档。 为了方便大家理解,我们将 Elasticsearch 里存储文档数据和关系型数据库 MySQL 存储数据的概念进行一个类比

ES 里的 Index 可以看做一个库,而 Types 相当于表, Documents 则相当于表的行。这里 Types 的概念已经被逐渐弱化, Elasticsearch 6.X 中,一个 index 下已经只能包含一个type, Elasticsearch 7.X 中, Type 的概念已经被删除了。

08-入门-HTTP-索引-创建

对比关系型数据库,创建索引就等同于创建数据库。

在 Postman 中,向 ES 服务器发 PUT 请求 : http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping

请求后,服务器返回响应:

{
    "acknowledged": true,//响应结果
    "shards_acknowledged": true,//分片结果
    "index": "shopping"//索引名称
}

后台日志:

[2021-04-08T13:57:06,954][INFO ][o.e.c.m.MetadataCreateIndexService] [DESKTOP-LNJQ0VF] [shopping] creating index, cause [api], templates [], shards [1]/[1], mappings []

如果重复发 PUT 请求 : http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping 添加索引,会返回错误信息 :

{
    "error": {
        "root_cause": [
            {
                "type": "resource_already_exists_exception",
                "reason": "index [shopping/J0WlEhh4R7aDrfIc3AkwWQ] already exists",
                "index_uuid": "J0WlEhh4R7aDrfIc3AkwWQ",
                "index": "shopping"
            }
        ],
        "type": "resource_already_exists_exception",
        "reason": "index [shopping/J0WlEhh4R7aDrfIc3AkwWQ] already exists",
        "index_uuid": "J0WlEhh4R7aDrfIc3AkwWQ",
        "index": "shopping"
    },
    "status": 400
}

09-入门-HTTP-索引-查询 & 删除

查看所有索引

在 Postman 中,向 ES 服务器发 GET 请求 : http://127.0.0.1:9200/_cat/indices?v

这里请求路径中的_cat 表示查看的意思, indices 表示索引,所以整体含义就是查看当前 ES服务器中的所有索引,就好像 MySQL 中的 show tables 的感觉,服务器响应结果如下 :

health status index    uuid                   pri rep docs.count docs.deleted store.size pri.store.size
yellow open   shopping J0WlEhh4R7aDrfIc3AkwWQ   1   1          0            0       208b           208b

表头

含义

health

当前服务器健康状态: green(集群完整) yellow(单点正常、集群不完整) red(单点不正常)

status

索引打开、关闭状态

index

索引名

uuid

索引统一编号

pri

主分片数量

rep

副本数量

docs.count

可用文档数量

docs.deleted

文档删除状态(逻辑删除)

store.size

主分片和副分片整体占空间大小

pri.store.size

主分片占空间大小

查看单个索引

在 Postman 中,向 ES 服务器发 GET 请求 : http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping

返回结果如下:

{
    "shopping": {//索引名
        "aliases": {},//别名
        "mappings": {},//映射
        "settings": {//设置
            "index": {//设置 - 索引
                "creation_date": "1617861426847",//设置 - 索引 - 创建时间
                "number_of_shards": "1",//设置 - 索引 - 主分片数量
                "number_of_replicas": "1",//设置 - 索引 - 主分片数量
                "uuid": "J0WlEhh4R7aDrfIc3AkwWQ",//设置 - 索引 - 主分片数量
                "version": {//设置 - 索引 - 主分片数量
                    "created": "7080099"
                },
                "provided_name": "shopping"//设置 - 索引 - 主分片数量
            }
        }
    }
}

删除索引

在 Postman 中,向 ES 服务器发 DELETE 请求 : http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping

返回结果如下:

{
    "acknowledged": true
}

再次查看所有索引,GET http://127.0.0.1:9200/_cat/indices?v,返回结果如下:

health status index uuid pri rep docs.count docs.deleted store.size pri.store.size

成功删除。

10-入门-HTTP-文档-创建(Put & Post)

假设索引已经创建好了,接下来我们来创建文档,并添加数据。这里的文档可以类比为关系型数据库中的表数据,添加的数据格式为 JSON 格式

在 Postman 中,向 ES 服务器发 POST 请求 : http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_doc,请求体JSON内容为:

{
    "title":"小米手机",
    "category":"小米",
    "images":"http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
    "price":3999.00
}

注意,此处发送请求的方式必须为 POST,不能是 PUT,否则会发生错误 。

返回结果:

{
    "_index": "shopping",//索引
    "_type": "_doc",//类型-文档
    "_id": "ANQqsHgBaKNfVnMbhZYU",//唯一标识,可以类比为 MySQL 中的主键,随机生成
    "_version": 1,//版本
    "result": "created",//结果,这里的 create 表示创建成功
    "_shards": {//
        "total": 2,//分片 - 总数
        "successful": 1,//分片 - 总数
        "failed": 0//分片 - 总数
    },
    "_seq_no": 0,
    "_primary_term": 1
}

上面的数据创建后,由于没有指定数据唯一性标识(ID),默认情况下, ES 服务器会随机生成一个。

如果想要自定义唯一性标识,需要在创建时指定: http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_doc/1,请求体JSON内容为:

{
    "title":"小米手机",
    "category":"小米",
    "images":"http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
    "price":3999.00
}

返回结果如下:

{
    "_index": "shopping",
    "_type": "_doc",
    "_id": "1",//<------------------自定义唯一性标识
    "_version": 1,
    "result": "created",
    "_shards": {
        "total": 2,
        "successful": 1,
        "failed": 0
    },
    "_seq_no": 1,
    "_primary_term": 1
}

11-入门-HTTP-查询-主键查询 & 全查询

查看文档时,需要指明文档的唯一性标识,类似于 MySQL 中数据的主键查询

在 Postman 中,向 ES 服务器发 GET 请求 : http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_doc/1 。

返回结果如下:

{
    "_index": "shopping",
    "_type": "_doc",
    "_id": "1",
    "_version": 1,
    "_seq_no": 1,
    "_primary_term": 1,
    "found": true,
    "_source": {
        "title": "小米手机",
        "category": "小米",
        "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
        "price": 3999
    }
}

查找不存在的内容,向 ES 服务器发 GET 请求 : http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_doc/1001。

返回结果如下:

{
    "_index": "shopping",
    "_type": "_doc",
    "_id": "1001",
    "found": false
}

查看索引下所有数据,向 ES 服务器发 GET 请求 : http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search。

返回结果如下:

{
    "took": 133,
    "timed_out": false,
    "_shards": {
        "total": 1,
        "successful": 1,
        "skipped": 0,
        "failed": 0
    },
    "hits": {
        "total": {
            "value": 2,
            "relation": "eq"
        },
        "max_score": 1,
        "hits": [
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "ANQqsHgBaKNfVnMbhZYU",
                "_score": 1,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "小米手机",
                    "category": "小米",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 3999
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "1",
                "_score": 1,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "小米手机",
                    "category": "小米",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 3999
                }
            }
        ]
    }
}

12-入门-HTTP-全量修改 & 局部修改 & 删除

全量修改

和新增文档一样,输入相同的 URL 地址请求,如果请求体变化,会将原有的数据内容覆盖

在 Postman 中,向 ES 服务器发 POST 请求 : http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_doc/1

请求体JSON内容为:

{
    "title":"华为手机",
    "category":"华为",
    "images":"http://www.gulixueyuan.com/hw.jpg",
    "price":1999.00
}

修改成功后,服务器响应结果:

{
    "_index": "shopping",
    "_type": "_doc",
    "_id": "1",
    "_version": 2,
    "result": "updated",//<-----------updated 表示数据被更新
    "_shards": {
        "total": 2,
        "successful": 1,
        "failed": 0
    },
    "_seq_no": 2,
    "_primary_term": 1
}

局部修改

修改数据时,也可以只修改某一给条数据的局部信息

在 Postman 中,向 ES 服务器发 POST 请求 : http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_update/1。

请求体JSON内容为:

{
	"doc": {
		"title":"小米手机",
		"category":"小米"
	}
}

返回结果如下:

{
    "_index": "shopping",
    "_type": "_doc",
    "_id": "1",
    "_version": 3,
    "result": "updated",//<-----------updated 表示数据被更新
    "_shards": {
        "total": 2,
        "successful": 1,
        "failed": 0
    },
    "_seq_no": 3,
    "_primary_term": 1
}

在 Postman 中,向 ES 服务器发 GET请求 : http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_doc/1,查看修改内容:

{
    "_index": "shopping",
    "_type": "_doc",
    "_id": "1",
    "_version": 3,
    "_seq_no": 3,
    "_primary_term": 1,
    "found": true,
    "_source": {
        "title": "小米手机",
        "category": "小米",
        "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/hw.jpg",
        "price": 1999
    }
}

删除

删除一个文档不会立即从磁盘上移除,它只是被标记成已删除(逻辑删除)。

在 Postman 中,向 ES 服务器发 DELETE 请求 : http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_doc/1

返回结果:

{
    "_index": "shopping",
    "_type": "_doc",
    "_id": "1",
    "_version": 4,
    "result": "deleted",//<---删除成功
    "_shards": {
        "total": 2,
        "successful": 1,
        "failed": 0
    },
    "_seq_no": 4,
    "_primary_term": 1
}

在 Postman 中,向 ES 服务器发 GET请求 : http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_doc/1,查看是否删除成功:

{
    "_index": "shopping",
    "_type": "_doc",
    "_id": "1",
    "found": false
}

13-入门-HTTP-条件查询 & 分页查询 & 查询排序

条件查询

假设有以下文档内容,(在 Postman 中,向 ES 服务器发 GET请求 : http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search):

{
    "took": 5,
    "timed_out": false,
    "_shards": {
        "total": 1,
        "successful": 1,
        "skipped": 0,
        "failed": 0
    },
    "hits": {
        "total": {
            "value": 6,
            "relation": "eq"
        },
        "max_score": 1,
        "hits": [
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "ANQqsHgBaKNfVnMbhZYU",
                "_score": 1,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "小米手机",
                    "category": "小米",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 3999
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "A9R5sHgBaKNfVnMb25Ya",
                "_score": 1,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "小米手机",
                    "category": "小米",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 1999
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "BNR5sHgBaKNfVnMb7pal",
                "_score": 1,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "小米手机",
                    "category": "小米",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 1999
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "BtR6sHgBaKNfVnMbX5Y5",
                "_score": 1,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "华为手机",
                    "category": "华为",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 1999
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "B9R6sHgBaKNfVnMbZpZ6",
                "_score": 1,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "华为手机",
                    "category": "华为",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 1999
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "CdR7sHgBaKNfVnMbsJb9",
                "_score": 1,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "华为手机",
                    "category": "华为",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 1999
                }
            }
        ]
    }
}

URL带参查询

,在 Postman 中,向 ES 服务器发 GET请求 : http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search?q=category:小米,返回结果如下:

{
    "took": 94,
    "timed_out": false,
    "_shards": {
        "total": 1,
        "successful": 1,
        "skipped": 0,
        "failed": 0
    },
    "hits": {
        "total": {
            "value": 3,
            "relation": "eq"
        },
        "max_score": 1.3862942,
        "hits": [
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "ANQqsHgBaKNfVnMbhZYU",
                "_score": 1.3862942,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "小米手机",
                    "category": "小米",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 3999
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "A9R5sHgBaKNfVnMb25Ya",
                "_score": 1.3862942,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "小米手机",
                    "category": "小米",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 1999
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "BNR5sHgBaKNfVnMb7pal",
                "_score": 1.3862942,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "小米手机",
                    "category": "小米",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 1999
                }
            }
        ]
    }
}

上述为URL带参数形式查询,这很容易让不善者心怀恶意,或者参数值出现中文会出现乱码情况。为了避免这些情况,我们可用使用带JSON请求体请求进行查询。

请求体带参查询

接下带JSON请求体,还是,在 Postman 中,向 ES 服务器发 GET请求 : http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search,附带JSON体如下:

{
	"query":{
		"match":{
			"category":"小米"
		}
	}
}

返回结果如下:

{
    "took": 3,
    "timed_out": false,
    "_shards": {
        "total": 1,
        "successful": 1,
        "skipped": 0,
        "failed": 0
    },
    "hits": {
        "total": {
            "value": 3,
            "relation": "eq"
        },
        "max_score": 1.3862942,
        "hits": [
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "ANQqsHgBaKNfVnMbhZYU",
                "_score": 1.3862942,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "小米手机",
                    "category": "小米",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 3999
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "A9R5sHgBaKNfVnMb25Ya",
                "_score": 1.3862942,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "小米手机",
                    "category": "小米",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 1999
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "BNR5sHgBaKNfVnMb7pal",
                "_score": 1.3862942,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "小米手机",
                    "category": "小米",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 1999
                }
            }
        ]
    }
}

带请求体方式的查找所有内容

,也可以这样,在 Postman 中,向 ES 服务器发 GET请求 : http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search,附带JSON体如下:

{
	"query":{
		"match_all":{}
	}
}

则返回所有文档内容:

{
    "took": 2,
    "timed_out": false,
    "_shards": {
        "total": 1,
        "successful": 1,
        "skipped": 0,
        "failed": 0
    },
    "hits": {
        "total": {
            "value": 6,
            "relation": "eq"
        },
        "max_score": 1,
        "hits": [
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "ANQqsHgBaKNfVnMbhZYU",
                "_score": 1,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "小米手机",
                    "category": "小米",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 3999
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "A9R5sHgBaKNfVnMb25Ya",
                "_score": 1,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "小米手机",
                    "category": "小米",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 1999
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "BNR5sHgBaKNfVnMb7pal",
                "_score": 1,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "小米手机",
                    "category": "小米",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 1999
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "BtR6sHgBaKNfVnMbX5Y5",
                "_score": 1,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "华为手机",
                    "category": "华为",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 1999
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "B9R6sHgBaKNfVnMbZpZ6",
                "_score": 1,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "华为手机",
                    "category": "华为",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 1999
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "CdR7sHgBaKNfVnMbsJb9",
                "_score": 1,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "华为手机",
                    "category": "华为",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 1999
                }
            }
        ]
    }
}

查询指定字段

,在 Postman 中,向 ES 服务器发 GET请求 : http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search,附带JSON体如下:

{
	"query":{
		"match_all":{}
	},
	"_source":["title"]
}

返回结果如下:

{
    "took": 5,
    "timed_out": false,
    "_shards": {
        "total": 1,
        "successful": 1,
        "skipped": 0,
        "failed": 0
    },
    "hits": {
        "total": {
            "value": 6,
            "relation": "eq"
        },
        "max_score": 1,
        "hits": [
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "ANQqsHgBaKNfVnMbhZYU",
                "_score": 1,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "小米手机"
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "A9R5sHgBaKNfVnMb25Ya",
                "_score": 1,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "小米手机"
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "BNR5sHgBaKNfVnMb7pal",
                "_score": 1,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "小米手机"
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "BtR6sHgBaKNfVnMbX5Y5",
                "_score": 1,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "华为手机"
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "B9R6sHgBaKNfVnMbZpZ6",
                "_score": 1,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "华为手机"
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "CdR7sHgBaKNfVnMbsJb9",
                "_score": 1,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "华为手机"
                }
            }
        ]
    }
}

分页查询

在 Postman 中,向 ES 服务器发 GET请求 : http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search,附带JSON体如下:

{
	"query":{
		"match_all":{}
	},
	"from":0,
	"size":2
}

返回结果如下:

{
    "took": 1,
    "timed_out": false,
    "_shards": {
        "total": 1,
        "successful": 1,
        "skipped": 0,
        "failed": 0
    },
    "hits": {
        "total": {
            "value": 6,
            "relation": "eq"
        },
        "max_score": 1,
        "hits": [
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "ANQqsHgBaKNfVnMbhZYU",
                "_score": 1,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "小米手机",
                    "category": "小米",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 3999
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "A9R5sHgBaKNfVnMb25Ya",
                "_score": 1,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "小米手机",
                    "category": "小米",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 1999
                }
            }
        ]
    }
}

查询排序

如果你想通过排序查出价格最高的手机,在 Postman 中,向 ES 服务器发 GET请求 : http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search,附带JSON体如下:

{
	"query":{
		"match_all":{}
	},
	"sort":{
		"price":{
			"order":"desc"
		}
	}
}

返回结果如下:

{
    "took": 96,
    "timed_out": false,
    "_shards": {
        "total": 1,
        "successful": 1,
        "skipped": 0,
        "failed": 0
    },
    "hits": {
        "total": {
            "value": 6,
            "relation": "eq"
        },
        "max_score": null,
        "hits": [
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "ANQqsHgBaKNfVnMbhZYU",
                "_score": null,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "小米手机",
                    "category": "小米",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 3999
                },
                "sort": [
                    3999
                ]
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "A9R5sHgBaKNfVnMb25Ya",
                "_score": null,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "小米手机",
                    "category": "小米",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 1999
                },
                "sort": [
                    1999
                ]
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "BNR5sHgBaKNfVnMb7pal",
                "_score": null,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "小米手机",
                    "category": "小米",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 1999
                },
                "sort": [
                    1999
                ]
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "BtR6sHgBaKNfVnMbX5Y5",
                "_score": null,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "华为手机",
                    "category": "华为",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 1999
                },
                "sort": [
                    1999
                ]
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "B9R6sHgBaKNfVnMbZpZ6",
                "_score": null,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "华为手机",
                    "category": "华为",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 1999
                },
                "sort": [
                    1999
                ]
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "CdR7sHgBaKNfVnMbsJb9",
                "_score": null,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "华为手机",
                    "category": "华为",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 1999
                },
                "sort": [
                    1999
                ]
            }
        ]
    }
}

14-入门-HTTP-多条件查询 & 范围查询

多条件查询

假设想找出小米牌子,价格为3999元的。(must相当于数据库的&&)

在 Postman 中,向 ES 服务器发 GET请求 : http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search,附带JSON体如下:

{
	"query":{
		"bool":{
			"must":[{
				"match":{
					"category":"小米"
				}
			},{
				"match":{
					"price":3999.00
				}
			}]
		}
	}
}

返回结果如下:

{
    "took": 134,
    "timed_out": false,
    "_shards": {
        "total": 1,
        "successful": 1,
        "skipped": 0,
        "failed": 0
    },
    "hits": {
        "total": {
            "value": 1,
            "relation": "eq"
        },
        "max_score": 2.3862944,
        "hits": [
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "ANQqsHgBaKNfVnMbhZYU",
                "_score": 2.3862944,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "小米手机",
                    "category": "小米",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 3999
                }
            }
        ]
    }
}

假设想找出小米和华为的牌子。(should相当于数据库的||)

在 Postman 中,向 ES 服务器发 GET请求 : http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search,附带JSON体如下:

{
	"query":{
		"bool":{
			"should":[{
				"match":{
					"category":"小米"
				}
			},{
				"match":{
					"category":"华为"
				}
			}]
		},
        "filter":{
            "range":{
                "price":{
                    "gt":2000
                }
            }
        }
	}
}

返回结果如下:

{
    "took": 8,
    "timed_out": false,
    "_shards": {
        "total": 1,
        "successful": 1,
        "skipped": 0,
        "failed": 0
    },
    "hits": {
        "total": {
            "value": 6,
            "relation": "eq"
        },
        "max_score": 1.3862942,
        "hits": [
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "ANQqsHgBaKNfVnMbhZYU",
                "_score": 1.3862942,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "小米手机",
                    "category": "小米",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 3999
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "A9R5sHgBaKNfVnMb25Ya",
                "_score": 1.3862942,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "小米手机",
                    "category": "小米",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 1999
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "BNR5sHgBaKNfVnMb7pal",
                "_score": 1.3862942,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "小米手机",
                    "category": "小米",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 1999
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "BtR6sHgBaKNfVnMbX5Y5",
                "_score": 1.3862942,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "华为手机",
                    "category": "华为",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 1999
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "B9R6sHgBaKNfVnMbZpZ6",
                "_score": 1.3862942,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "华为手机",
                    "category": "华为",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 1999
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "CdR7sHgBaKNfVnMbsJb9",
                "_score": 1.3862942,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "华为手机",
                    "category": "华为",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 1999
                }
            }
        ]
    }
}

范围查询

假设想找出小米和华为的牌子,价格大于2000元的手机。

在 Postman 中,向 ES 服务器发 GET请求 : http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search,附带JSON体如下:

{
	"query":{
		"bool":{
			"should":[{
				"match":{
					"category":"小米"
				}
			},{
				"match":{
					"category":"华为"
				}
			}],
            "filter":{
            	"range":{
                	"price":{
                    	"gt":2000
                	}
	            }
    	    }
		}
	}
}

返回结果如下:

{
    "took": 72,
    "timed_out": false,
    "_shards": {
        "total": 1,
        "successful": 1,
        "skipped": 0,
        "failed": 0
    },
    "hits": {
        "total": {
            "value": 1,
            "relation": "eq"
        },
        "max_score": 1.3862942,
        "hits": [
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "ANQqsHgBaKNfVnMbhZYU",
                "_score": 1.3862942,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "小米手机",
                    "category": "小米",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 3999
                }
            }
        ]
    }
}

15-入门-HTTP-全文检索 & 完全匹配 & 高亮查询

全文检索

这功能像搜索引擎那样,如品牌输入“小华”,返回结果带回品牌有“小米”和华为的。

在 Postman 中,向 ES 服务器发 GET请求 : http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search,附带JSON体如下:

{
	"query":{
		"match":{
			"category" : "小华"
		}
	}
}

返回结果如下:

{
    "took": 7,
    "timed_out": false,
    "_shards": {
        "total": 1,
        "successful": 1,
        "skipped": 0,
        "failed": 0
    },
    "hits": {
        "total": {
            "value": 6,
            "relation": "eq"
        },
        "max_score": 0.6931471,
        "hits": [
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "ANQqsHgBaKNfVnMbhZYU",
                "_score": 0.6931471,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "小米手机",
                    "category": "小米",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 3999
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "A9R5sHgBaKNfVnMb25Ya",
                "_score": 0.6931471,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "小米手机",
                    "category": "小米",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 1999
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "BNR5sHgBaKNfVnMb7pal",
                "_score": 0.6931471,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "小米手机",
                    "category": "小米",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 1999
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "BtR6sHgBaKNfVnMbX5Y5",
                "_score": 0.6931471,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "华为手机",
                    "category": "华为",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 1999
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "B9R6sHgBaKNfVnMbZpZ6",
                "_score": 0.6931471,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "华为手机",
                    "category": "华为",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 1999
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "CdR7sHgBaKNfVnMbsJb9",
                "_score": 0.6931471,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "华为手机",
                    "category": "华为",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 1999
                }
            }
        ]
    }
}

完全匹配

在 Postman 中,向 ES 服务器发 GET请求 : http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search,附带JSON体如下:

{
	"query":{
		"match_phrase":{
			"category" : "为"
		}
	}
}

返回结果如下:

{
    "took": 2,
    "timed_out": false,
    "_shards": {
        "total": 1,
        "successful": 1,
        "skipped": 0,
        "failed": 0
    },
    "hits": {
        "total": {
            "value": 3,
            "relation": "eq"
        },
        "max_score": 0.6931471,
        "hits": [
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "BtR6sHgBaKNfVnMbX5Y5",
                "_score": 0.6931471,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "华为手机",
                    "category": "华为",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 1999
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "B9R6sHgBaKNfVnMbZpZ6",
                "_score": 0.6931471,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "华为手机",
                    "category": "华为",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 1999
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "CdR7sHgBaKNfVnMbsJb9",
                "_score": 0.6931471,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "华为手机",
                    "category": "华为",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 1999
                }
            }
        ]
    }
}

高亮查询

在 Postman 中,向 ES 服务器发 GET请求 : http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search,附带JSON体如下:

{
	"query":{
		"match_phrase":{
			"category" : "为"
		}
	},
    "highlight":{
        "fields":{
            "category":{}//<----高亮这字段
        }
    }
}

返回结果如下:

{
    "took": 100,
    "timed_out": false,
    "_shards": {
        "total": 1,
        "successful": 1,
        "skipped": 0,
        "failed": 0
    },
    "hits": {
        "total": {
            "value": 3,
            "relation": "eq"
        },
        "max_score": 0.6931471,
        "hits": [
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "BtR6sHgBaKNfVnMbX5Y5",
                "_score": 0.6931471,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "华为手机",
                    "category": "华为",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 1999
                },
                "highlight": {
                    "category": [
                        "华<em>为</em>"//<------高亮一个为字。
                    ]
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "B9R6sHgBaKNfVnMbZpZ6",
                "_score": 0.6931471,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "华为手机",
                    "category": "华为",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 1999
                },
                "highlight": {
                    "category": [
                        "华<em>为</em>"
                    ]
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "CdR7sHgBaKNfVnMbsJb9",
                "_score": 0.6931471,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "华为手机",
                    "category": "华为",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 1999
                },
                "highlight": {
                    "category": [
                        "华<em>为</em>"
                    ]
                }
            }
        ]
    }
}

16-入门-HTTP-聚合查询

聚合允许使用者对 es 文档进行统计分析,类似与关系型数据库中的 group by,当然还有很多其他的聚合,例如取最大值max、平均值avg等等。

接下来按price字段进行分组:

在 Postman 中,向 ES 服务器发 GET请求 : http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search,附带JSON体如下:

{
	"aggs":{//聚合操作
		"price_group":{//名称,随意起名
			"terms":{//分组
				"field":"price"//分组字段
			}
		}
	}
}

返回结果如下:

{
    "took": 63,
    "timed_out": false,
    "_shards": {
        "total": 1,
        "successful": 1,
        "skipped": 0,
        "failed": 0
    },
    "hits": {
        "total": {
            "value": 6,
            "relation": "eq"
        },
        "max_score": 1,
        "hits": [
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "ANQqsHgBaKNfVnMbhZYU",
                "_score": 1,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "小米手机",
                    "category": "小米",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 3999
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "A9R5sHgBaKNfVnMb25Ya",
                "_score": 1,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "小米手机",
                    "category": "小米",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 1999
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "BNR5sHgBaKNfVnMb7pal",
                "_score": 1,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "小米手机",
                    "category": "小米",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 1999
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "BtR6sHgBaKNfVnMbX5Y5",
                "_score": 1,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "华为手机",
                    "category": "华为",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 1999
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "B9R6sHgBaKNfVnMbZpZ6",
                "_score": 1,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "华为手机",
                    "category": "华为",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 1999
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "CdR7sHgBaKNfVnMbsJb9",
                "_score": 1,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "华为手机",
                    "category": "华为",
                    "images": "http://www.gulixueyuan.com/xm.jpg",
                    "price": 1999
                }
            }
        ]
    },
    "aggregations": {
        "price_group": {
            "doc_count_error_upper_bound": 0,
            "sum_other_doc_count": 0,
            "buckets": [
                {
                    "key": 1999,
                    "doc_count": 5
                },
                {
                    "key": 3999,
                    "doc_count": 1
                }
            ]
        }
    }
}

上面返回结果会附带原始数据的。若不想要不附带原始数据的结果,在 Postman 中,向 ES 服务器发 GET请求 : http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search,附带JSON体如下:

{
	"aggs":{
		"price_group":{
			"terms":{
				"field":"price"
			}
		}
	},
    "size":0
}

返回结果如下:

{
    "took": 60,
    "timed_out": false,
    "_shards": {
        "total": 1,
        "successful": 1,
        "skipped": 0,
        "failed": 0
    },
    "hits": {
        "total": {
            "value": 6,
            "relation": "eq"
        },
        "max_score": null,
        "hits": []
    },
    "aggregations": {
        "price_group": {
            "doc_count_error_upper_bound": 0,
            "sum_other_doc_count": 0,
            "buckets": [
                {
                    "key": 1999,
                    "doc_count": 5
                },
                {
                    "key": 3999,
                    "doc_count": 1
                }
            ]
        }
    }
}

若想对所有手机价格求

在 Postman 中,向 ES 服务器发 GET请求 : http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search,附带JSON体如下:

{
	"aggs":{
		"price_avg":{//名称,随意起名
			"avg":{//求平均
				"field":"price"
			}
		}
	},
    "size":0
}

返回结果如下:

{
    "took": 14,
    "timed_out": false,
    "_shards": {
        "total": 1,
        "successful": 1,
        "skipped": 0,
        "failed": 0
    },
    "hits": {
        "total": {
            "value": 6,
            "relation": "eq"
        },
        "max_score": null,
        "hits": []
    },
    "aggregations": {
        "price_avg": {
            "value": 2332.3333333333335
        }
    }
}

17-入门-HTTP-映射关系

有了索引库,等于有了数据库中的 database。

接下来就需要建索引库(index)中的映射了,类似于数据库(database)中的表结构(table)。

创建数据库表需要设置字段名称,类型,长度,约束等;索引库也一样,需要知道这个类型下有哪些字段,每个字段有哪些约束信息,这就叫做映射(mapping)。

先创建一个索引:

# PUT http://127.0.0.1:9200/user

返回结果:

{
    "acknowledged": true,
    "shards_acknowledged": true,
    "index": "user"
}

# PUT http://127.0.0.1:9200/user/_mapping

{
    "properties": {
        "name":{
        	"type": "text",
        	"index": true
        },
        "sex":{
        	"type": "keyword",
        	"index": true
        },
        "tel":{
        	"type": "keyword",
        	"index": false
        }
    }
}

返回结果如下:

{
    "acknowledged": true
}

#GET http://127.0.0.1:9200/user/_mapping

返回结果如下:

{
    "user": {
        "mappings": {
            "properties": {
                "name": {
                    "type": "text"
                },
                "sex": {
                    "type": "keyword"
                },
                "tel": {
                    "type": "keyword",
                    "index": false
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

增加数据

#PUT http://127.0.0.1:9200/user/_create/1001
{
	"name":"小米",
	"sex":"男的",
	"tel":"1111"
}

返回结果如下:

{
    "_index": "user",
    "_type": "_doc",
    "_id": "1001",
    "_version": 1,
    "result": "created",
    "_shards": {
        "total": 2,
        "successful": 1,
        "failed": 0
    },
    "_seq_no": 0,
    "_primary_term": 1
}

查找name含有”小“数据:

#GET http://127.0.0.1:9200/user/_search
{
	"query":{
		"match":{
			"name":"小"
		}
	}
}

返回结果如下:

{
    "took": 495,
    "timed_out": false,
    "_shards": {
        "total": 1,
        "successful": 1,
        "skipped": 0,
        "failed": 0
    },
    "hits": {
        "total": {
            "value": 1,
            "relation": "eq"
        },
        "max_score": 0.2876821,
        "hits": [
            {
                "_index": "user",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "1001",
                "_score": 0.2876821,
                "_source": {
                    "name": "小米",
                    "sex": "男的",
                    "tel": "1111"
                }
            }
        ]
    }
}

查找sex含有”男“数据:

#GET http://127.0.0.1:9200/user/_search
{
	"query":{
		"match":{
			"sex":"男"
		}
	}
}

返回结果如下:

{
    "took": 1,
    "timed_out": false,
    "_shards": {
        "total": 1,
        "successful": 1,
        "skipped": 0,
        "failed": 0
    },
    "hits": {
        "total": {
            "value": 0,
            "relation": "eq"
        },
        "max_score": null,
        "hits": []
    }
}

找不想要的结果,只因创建映射时"sex"的类型为"keyword"。

"sex"只能完全为”男的“,才能得出原数据。

#GET http://127.0.0.1:9200/user/_search
{
	"query":{
		"match":{
			"sex":"男的"
		}
	}
}

返回结果如下:

{
    "took": 2,
    "timed_out": false,
    "_shards": {
        "total": 1,
        "successful": 1,
        "skipped": 0,
        "failed": 0
    },
    "hits": {
        "total": {
            "value": 1,
            "relation": "eq"
        },
        "max_score": 0.2876821,
        "hits": [
            {
                "_index": "user",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "1001",
                "_score": 0.2876821,
                "_source": {
                    "name": "小米",
                    "sex": "男的",
                    "tel": "1111"
                }
            }
        ]
    }
}

查询电话

# GET http://127.0.0.1:9200/user/_search
{
	"query":{
		"match":{
			"tel":"11"
		}
	}
}

返回结果如下:

{
    "error": {
        "root_cause": [
            {
                "type": "query_shard_exception",
                "reason": "failed to create query: Cannot search on field [tel] since it is not indexed.",
                "index_uuid": "ivLnMfQKROS7Skb2MTFOew",
                "index": "user"
            }
        ],
        "type": "search_phase_execution_exception",
        "reason": "all shards failed",
        "phase": "query",
        "grouped": true,
        "failed_shards": [
            {
                "shard": 0,
                "index": "user",
                "node": "4P7dIRfXSbezE5JTiuylew",
                "reason": {
                    "type": "query_shard_exception",
                    "reason": "failed to create q

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