rometheus作为云原生应用程序的第一个开源监控工具CNCF就毕业监控工具而言，开发者是Prometheus寄予巨大希望。 在Kubernetes许多人认为在社区里Prometheus成为容器监控标准的制定者，是容器场景监控的第一方案。

cAdvisor (Container Advisor) 是 Google 开源容器监控工具可用于监控容器资源的使用和性能。用于收集、聚合、处理和导出正在运行的容器的相关信息。具体来说，该组件将记录资源隔离参数、历史资源使用、完整历史资源使用的直方图和网络统计信息。

cAdvisor 本身就对 Docker 容器支持，并尽可能支持其他类型的容器，努力兼容和适应所有类型的容器。

从以上介绍我们可以知道，cAdvisor 用于监控容器发动机。由于其监控的实用性，Kubernetes 默经默认了 Kubelet 因此，我们不需要单独部署 cAdvisor 组件直接暴露节点中容器运行的信息 Kubelet 组件提供的指标采集地址。

环境说明

docker安装 配置docker-ce 源

[root@master ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ [root@master yum.repos.d]# curl -o docker-ce.repo https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo  [root@client ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ [root@client yum.repos.d]# curl -o docker-ce.repo https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo 

安装 docker-ce 依靠包和工具

[root@master ~]# dnf -y install yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2 [root@master ~]# yum -y install docker-ce --allowerasing  [root@client ~]# dnf -y install yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2 [root@client ~]# yum -y install docker-ce --allowerasing 

安装后使用 docker version 命令查看docker的版本信息

[root@master ~]# docker version Client: Docker Engine - Community  Version:           20.10.12  API version:       1.41  Go version:        go1.16.12  Git commit:        e91ed57  Built:             Mon Dec 13 11:45:22 2021  OS/Arch:           linux/amd64  Context:           default  Experimental:      true  [root@client ~]# docker version Client: Docker Engine - Community  Version:           20.10.12  API version:       1.41  Go version:        go1.16.12  Git commit:        e91ed57  Built:             Mon Dec 13 11:45:22 2021  OS/Arch:           linux/amd64  Context:           default  Experimental:      true 

配置docker镜像 加速

[root@master ~]# mkdir -p /etc/docker [root@master ~]# vi /etc/docker/daemon.json {   "registry-mirrors": ["https://gpdm6wat.mirror.aliyuncs.com"] } [root@master ~]# systemctl enable --now docker Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service.  [root@client ~]# mkdir -p /etc/docker [root@client ~]# vi /etc/docker/daemon.json {   "registry-mirrors": ["https://gpdm6wat.mirror.aliyuncs.com"] } [root@client ~]# systemctl enable --now docker Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service. 

等待docker两台主机部署完成后，master主机上拉取prom/Prometheus官方镜像

[root@master ~]# docker pull prom/prometheus Using default tag: latest latest: Pulling from prom/prometheus 3cb635b06aa2: Pull complete  34f699df6fe0: Pull complete  33d6c9635e0f: Pull complete  f2af7323bed8: Pull complete  c16675a6a294: Pull complete  827843f6afe6: Pull complete  3d272942eeaf: Pull complete  7e785cfa34da: Pull complete  05e324559e3b: Pull complete  170620261a59: Pull complete  ec35f5996032: Pull complete  5509173eb708: Pull complete  Digest: sha256:cb9817249c346d6cfadebe383ed3b3cd4c540f623db40c4ca00da2ada45259bb Status: Downloaded newer image for prom/prometheus:latest docker.io/prom/prometheus:latest  [root@master ~]# docker images REPOSITORY        TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE prom/prometheus   latest    a3d385fc29f9   13 days ago   201MB 

在client上获取prometheus.yml配置文件

# 将prometheus将安装包上传至主机，解压，将prometheus.yaml传输配置文件master主机的/opt目录中 [root@client ~]# ls anaconda-ks.cfg  prometheus-2.32.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz [root@client ~]# tar xf prometheus-2.32.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz  [root@client prometheus-2.32.1.linux-amd64]# scp /root/prometheus-2.32.1.linux-amd64/prometheus.yml 192.168.111.152:/opt/promentheus.yml The authenticity of host '192.168.111.152 (192.168.111.152)' can't be established. ECDSA key figerprint is SHA256:QpD0Aqv7AOmOAiN59YP4MsXykPbnNu7+a0MeU6yHACU.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.111.152' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.111.152's password: 
prometheus.yml                                                           

master主机上使用官方镜像运行prometheus 容器，并进行端口和目录文件映射

[root@master ~]# cat /opt/prometheus.yml 
  # scrape_timeout is set to the global default (10s).

# Alertmanager configuration
alerting:

# Load rules once and periodically evaluate them accordin
g to the global 'evaluation_interval'.
rule_files:
  # - "first_rules.yml"
  # - "second_rules.yml"

# A scrape configuration containing exactly one endpoint
to scrape:
# Here it's Prometheus itself.
scrape_configs:
  # The job name is added as a label `job=<job_name>` to
any timeseries scraped from this config.
  - job_name: "prometheus"

    # metrics_path defaults to '/metrics'
    # scheme defaults to 'http'.

    static_configs:
      - targets: ["localhost:9090"]
      
      
# 映射端口和配置文件到主机上且设置随docker启动而启动容器 
[root@master ~]# docker run -d --name prometheus --restart always -p 9090:9090 -v /opt/prometheus.yml:/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml prom/prometheus
bf7c4b13ce354a521666d5e0f86b836355f99cb8faa5e78ae219157ff5ed9898

# 查看容器运行状态
[root@master ~]# docker ps | grep prometheus
bf7c4b13ce35   prom/prometheus   "/bin/prometheus --c…"   2 minutes ago   Restarting (2) 14 seconds ago             prometheus