accessdb输出内容
在linux控制台输入accessdb指令,结果密密麻麻地输出了很多。
[root@status ~]# accessdb $version$ -> "2.5.0" . -> "- 1 1 1633086380 0 B - - gz bash built-in commands, see bash(1)" .k5identity -> "- 5 5 1629954739 0 B - - gz Kerberos V5 client principal selection rules" .k5login -> "- 5 5 1629954739 0 B - - gz Kerberos V5 acl file for host access" .ldaprc -> "- 5 5 1628572339 0 C ldap.conf - gz " /etc/anacrontab -> "- 5 5 1573231664 0 C anacrontab - gz " 30-systemd-environment-d-generator -> "- 8 8 1633446453 0 B - - gz Load variables specified by environment.d" : -> "- 1 1 1633086380 0 B - - gz bash built-in commands, see bash(1)" GnuPG~7 -> "- 7 7 1589573252 0 C gnupg2 - gz " PAM~8 -> "- 8 8 1620364026 0 A - - gz Pluggable Authentication Modules for Linux" RAND~7ssl -> "- 7ssl 7 1626866126 0 A - - gz the OpenSSL random generator" RDMA-NDD~8 -> "- 8 8 1621264375 0 C rdma-ndd - gz " SELinux~8 -> "- 8 8 1603743632 0 C selinux - gz " TuneD~8 -> "- 8 8 1626892915 0 C tuned - gz "
查看accessdb帮助结果只有一点(一页)。大致意思是这个指令以人类可读的形式转储man db数据库的内容。
[root@status ~]# man accessdb ACCESSDB(8) Manual pager utils ACCESSDB(8) NAME accessdb - dumps the content of a man-db database in a human readable for‐ mat SYNOPSIS /usr/sbin/accessdb [-d?V] [<index-file>] DESCRIPTION accessdb will output the data contained within a man-db database in a human readable form. By default, it will dump the data from /var/cache/man/index.<db-type>, where <db-type> is dependent on the data‐ base library in use. Supplying an argument to accessdb will override this default. OPTIONS -d, --debug Print debugging information. -?, --help Print a help message and exit. --usage Print a short usage message and exit. -V, --version Display version information. AUTHOR Wilf. (G.Wilford@ee.surrey.ac.uk). Fabrizio Polacco (fpolacco@debian.org). Colin Watson (cjwatson@debian.org).
差不多就是系统中每个命令的简单说明。看来比较实用。但是描述的内容是用英文写的,对于母语非英文的我来说,读起来太慢。那么,我们就调用翻译的API,将其顺便翻译成中文来阅读吧。由于机器翻译不太准确,那么我们就来个中英文对照吧。
申请翻译的API
这里,我们使用有道翻译API。
首先,百度搜索“有道翻译API”,找到“http://fanyi.youdao.com/openapi”,打开链接。
有账号的话,登录系统。没账号的话,申请一个再登录系统。
跳转到 https://ai.youdao.com/console/#/service-singleton/text-translation文本翻译。如果没有应用的话,创建一个应用。首次使用它,系统会送100元的时长,有效期1年。
右侧中部,各种代码编写的示例代码,这里我们选择C#,抄下来,修改这三个参数就可以用了。 appKey,appSecret ,来自于创建的应用。
string q = "待输入的文字"; string appKey = "您的应用ID"; string appSecret = "您的应用密钥"
代码我修改了一下,将其封装成一个类,可以供接下来调用。
public class YouDaoFanyiV3 { public YouDaoFanyiResult Trans(string query) { Dictionary<String, String> dic = new Dictionary<String, String>(); string url = "https://openapi.youdao.com/api"; string appKey = "14b33f4513380000000"; string appSecret = "xfACgC1jAAUx9T9n00000000"; string salt = DateTime.Now.Millisecond.ToString(); //dic.Add("from", "源语言"); //dic.Add("to", "目标语言"); dic.Add("signType", "v3"); TimeSpan ts = (DateTime.UtcNow - new DateTime(1970, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, DateTimeKind.Utc)); long millis = (long)ts.TotalMilliseconds; string curtime = Convert.ToString(millis / 1000); dic.Add("curtime", curtime); string signStr = appKey + Truncate(query) + salt + curtime + appSecret; ; #pragma warning disable SYSLIB0021 // 类型或成员已过时 string sign = ComputeHash(signStr, new SHA256CryptoServiceProvider()); #pragma warning restore SYSLIB0021 // 类型或成员已过时 dic.Add("q", System.Web.HttpUtility.UrlEncode(query)); dic.Add("appKey", appKey); dic.Add("salt", salt); dic.Add("sign", sign); //dic.Add("vocabId", "您的用户词表ID"); var result = Post(url, dic); return JsonSerializer.Deserialize<YouDaoFanyiResult>(result); } private string ComputeHash(string input, HashAlgorithm algorithm) { Byte[] inputBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(input); Byte[] hashedBytes = algorithm.ComputeHash(inputBytes); return BitConverter.ToString(hashedBytes).Replace("-", ""); } private string Post(string url, Dictionary<String, String> dic) { string result = ""; HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url); req.Method = "POST"; req.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"; StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(); int i = 0; foreach (var item in dic) { if (i > 0) builder.Append("&"); builder.AppendFormat("{0}={1}", item.Key, item.Value); i++; } byte[] data = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(builder.ToString()); req.ContentLength = data.Length; using (Stream reqStream = req.GetRequestStream()) { reqStream.Write(data, 0, data.Length); reqStream.Close(); } HttpWebResponse resp = (HttpWebResponse)req.GetResponse(); Stream stream = resp.GetResponseStream(); using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(stream, Encoding.UTF8)) { result = reader.ReadToEnd(); } return result; } private string Truncate(string q) { if (q == null) { return null; } int len = q.Length; return len <= 20 ? q : (q.Substring(0, 10) + len + q.Substring(len - 10, 10)); } }
保存accessdb输出内容
先浏览一下,这个命令输出的man db中命令的个数。1872个命令帮助。
[root@status ~]# accessdb |wc -l 1872
将accessdb输出内容保存到一个文本文件,顺排序一下
[root@status ~]# accessdb | sort > accessdb.txt [root@status ~]# ll total 180 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 155218 Apr 10 20:48 accessdb.txt -rw-------. 1 root root 1068 Oct 15 18:41 anaconda-ks.cfg [root@status ~]#
将生成的accessdb.txt文件下载到windows pc机。 打开Visual Studio 2022,创建一个控制台项目,添加上面修改后的类,在Program.cs文件中添加如下代码:
using ConsoleApp10; using System.Text; var output = new StringBuilder(); YouDaoFanyiV3 youDaoFanyiV3 = new YouDaoFanyiV3(); var data = File.ReadAllLines("E:\\accessdb.txt").ToList(); data.Sort(StringComparer.Ordinal); char firstChar = 'z'; foreach (var item in data) { if (firstChar != item[0]) { firstChar = item[0]; output.AppendLine("```"); output.AppendLine("## 以" + firstChar + "开头的命令"); output.AppendLine("```bash"); } var lines = item.Split("->"); var command = lines[0].Trim(); output.AppendLine(command); var descript = ""; try { descript = lines[1].Trim().Split("gz")[1].Trim().Trim('\"').Trim(); } catch { descript = lines[1].Trim().Trim('\"').Trim(); } if (descript == "") { output.AppendLine(); continue; } output.Append("\t"); output.AppendLine(descript.Replace("'","’")); output.Append("\t"); Console.WriteLine(command); var trans = youDaoFanyiV3.Trans(descript); output.AppendLine(trans.translation[0]); Console.WriteLine("\t" + trans.translation[0]); } output.AppendLine("```"); File.WriteAllText("E:\\accessdb_ok.txt", output.ToString());
编译运行,执行完毕后,得到accessdb_ok.txt文件。文件内容如下:
翻译后的accessdb输出内容
以$开头的命令
$version$ 2.5.0 2.5.0
以.开头的命令
. bash built-in commands, see bash(1) Bash内置命令,参见Bash (1) .k5identity Kerberos V5 client principal selection rules Kerberos V5客户机主体选择规则 .k5login Kerberos V5 acl file for host access 用于主机访问的Kerberos V5 acl文件 .ldaprc
以/开头的命令
/etc/anacrontab
以3开头的命令
30-systemd-environment-d-generator Load variables specified by environment.d 由environment.d指定的加载变量
以:开头的命令
: bash built-in commands, see bash(1) Bash内置命令,参见Bash (1)
以G开头的命令
GnuPG~7
以P开头的命令
PAM~8 Pluggable Authentication Modules for Linux Linux可插拔认证模块
以R开头的命令
RAND~7ssl the OpenSSL random generator OpenSSL随机生成器 RDMA-NDD~8
以S开头的命令
SELinux~8
以T开头的命令
TuneD~8
以[开头的命令
[ bash built-in commands, see bash(1) Bash内置命令,参见Bash (1)
以a开头的命令
access.conf the login access control table file 登录访问控制表文件 accessdb dumps the content of a man-db database in a human readable format 以人类可读的格式转储man-db数据库的内容 acl Access Control Lists 访问控制列表 addgnupghome Create .gnupg home directories 创建.gnupg主目录 addpart tell the kernel about the existence of a partition 告诉内核分区的存在 adduser create a new user or update default new user information 创建新用户或更新默认新用户信息 agetty alternative Linux getty 选择Linux盖蒂 alias bash built-in commands, see bash(1) Bash内置命令,参见Bash (1) alternatives maintain symbolic links determining default commands 维护确定默认命令的符号链接 anacron runs commands periodically 定期运行命令 anacrontab configuration file for Anacron Anacron配置文件 applygnupgdefaults Run gpgconf - apply-defaults for all users. 对所有用户执行gpgconf - apply-defaults命令。 apropos search the manual page names and descriptions 搜索手册页面名称和描述 arch print machine hardware name (same as uname -m) 打印机器硬件名称(与uname -m相同) arpd userspace arp daemon. 用户空间arp守护进程。 arping send ARP REQUEST to a neighbour host 向邻居主机发送ARP请求 asn1parse ASN.1 parsing tool asn . 1解析工具 audit-plugins audit.rules a set of rules loaded in the kernel audit system 加载在内核审计系统中的一组规则 audit2allow generate SELinux policy allow/dontaudit rules from logs of denied operations 从被拒绝的操作日志中生成SELinux policy allow/dontaudit规则 audit2why generate SELinux policy allow/dontaudit rules from logs of denied operations 从被拒绝的操作日志中生成SELinux policy allow/dontaudit规则 auditctl a utility to assist controlling the kernel’s audit system 一个帮助控制内核审计系统的工具 auditd The Linux Audit daemon Linux Audit守护进程 auditd-plugins realtime event receivers 实时事件接收者 auditd.conf audit daemon configuration file 审计守护进程配置文件 augenrules a script that merges component audit rule files 合并组件审计规则文件的脚本 aulast a program similar to last 类似于最后的程序 aulastlog a program similar to lastlog 类似于lastlog的程序 aureport a tool that produces summary reports of audit daemon logs 生成审计守护进程日志摘要报告的工具 ausearch a tool to query audit daemon logs 用于查询审计守护进程日志的工具 ausearch-expression audit search expression format 审计搜索表达式格式 ausyscall a program that allows mapping syscall names and numbers 一个允许映射系统调用名和号码的程序 authselect select system identity and authentication sources. 选择系统标识和认证源。 authselect-migration A guide how to migrate from authconfig to authselect. 如何从authconfig迁移到authselect的指南。 authselect-profiles how to extend authselect profiles. 如何扩展authselect配置文件。 autrace a program similar to strace 类似于strace的程序 auvirt a program that shows data related to virtual machines 显示与虚拟机有关的数据的程序 avcstat Display SELinux AVC statistics 显示SELinux AVC统计信息 awk pattern scanning and processing language 模式扫描和处理语言
以b开头的命令
b2sum compute and check BLAKE2 message digest 计算并检查BLAKE2消息摘要 badblocks search a device for bad blocks 在设备中查找坏块 base32 base32 encode/decode data and print to standard output Base32编码/解码数据并打印到标准输出 base64 base64 encode/decode data and print to standard output Base64编码/解码数据并打印到标准输出 basename strip directory and suffix from filenames 从文件名中去掉目录和后缀 bash GNU Bourne-Again SHell GNU Bourne-Again壳 bashbug report a bug in bash 在bash中报告bug bashbug-64 report a bug in bash 在bash中报告bug bg bash built-in commands, see bash(1) Bash内置命令,参见Bash (1) bind bash built-in commands, see bash(1) Bash内置命令,参见Bash (1) binfmt.d Configure additional binary formats for executables at boot 在引导时为可执行文件配置额外的二进制格式 bio Basic I/O abstraction 基本的I / O的抽象 biosdecode BIOS information decoder BIOS信息译码器 biosdevname give BIOS-given name of a device give bios指定的设备名称 blkdeactivate utility to deactivate block devices 实用程序去激活块设备 blkdiscard discard sectors on a device 丢弃设备上的扇区 blkid locate/print block device attributes 定位/打印块设备属性 blkzone run zone command on a device 在设备上执行zone命令 blockdev call block device ioctls from the command line 从命令行调用块设备ioctls bond2team Converts bonding configuration to team 将绑定配置转换为团队 booleans booleans 5 booleans 8 布尔值5,布尔值8 booleans~5 The SELinux booleans configuration files SELinux布尔值配置文件 booleans~8 Policy booleans enable runtime customization of SELinux policy 策略布尔值启用SELinux策略的运行时
自定义 bootctl Control the firmware and boot manager settings 控制固件和启动管理器设置 bootup System bootup process 系统启动过程 break bash built-in commands, see bash(1) Bash内置命令,参见Bash (1) bridge show / manipulate bridge addresses and devices 显示/操作网桥地址和设备 builtin bash built-in commands, see bash(1) Bash内置命令,参见Bash (1) builtins bash built-in commands, see bash(1) Bash内置命令,参见Bash (1) busctl Introspect the bus 反思公共汽车 bwrap container setup utility 容器设置实用程序
以c开头的命令
c_rehash ca sample minimal CA application 样本最小CA应用 ca-legacy Manage the system configuration for legacy CA certificates 管理旧CA证书的系统配置 cache_check validates cache metadata on a device or file. 验证设备或文件上的缓存元数据。 cache_dump dump cache metadata from device or file to standard output. 将缓存元数据从设备或文件转储到标准输出。 cache_metadata_size Estimate the size of the metadata device needed for a given configuration. 估计给定配置所需的元数据设备的大小。 cache_repair repair cache binary metadata from device/file to device/file. 修复设备/文件到设备/文件的缓存二进制元数据。 cache_restore restore cache metadata file to device or file. 将缓存元数据文件恢复到设备或文件。 cache_writeback writeback dirty blocks to the origin device. 回写脏块到原始设备。 cal display a calendar 显示一个日历 caller bash built-in commands, see bash(1) Bash内置命令,参见Bash (1) capsh capability shell wrapper 能力壳包装 captoinfo convert a termcap description into a terminfo description 将一个termcap描述转换为一个terminfo描述 cat concatenate files and print on the standard output 连接文件并在标准输出上打印 catman create or update the pre-formatted manual pages 创建或更新预格式化的手册页 cd bash built-in commands, see bash(1) Bash内置命令,参见Bash (1) cert8.db Legacy NSS certificate database 遗留的NSS证书数据库 cert9.db NSS certificate database NSS证书数据库 cfdisk display or manipulate a disk partition table 显示或操作磁盘分区表 cgdisk Curses-based GUID partition table (GPT) manipulator 基于诅咒的GUID分区表(GPT)操纵符 chacl change the access control list of a file or directory 修改文件或目录的访问控制列表 chage change user password expiry information 修改用户密码过期信息 chattr change file attributes on a Linux file system 在Linux文件系统上修改文件属性 chcat change file SELinux security category 更改文件SELinux安全类别 chcon change file SELinux security context 更改文件SELinux安全上下文 chcpu configure CPUs cpu配置 checkmodule SELinux policy module compiler SELinux策略模块编译器 checkpolicy SELinux policy compiler SELinux策略编译器 chgpasswd update group passwords in batch mode 批量更新组密码 chgrp change group ownership 改变组所有权 chkconfig updates and queries runlevel information for system services 更新和查询系统服务的运行级别信息 chmem configure memory 配置内存 chmod change file mode bits 改变文件模式位 chown change file owner and group 更改文件所有者和组 chpasswd update passwords in batch mode 批量更新密码 chroot run command or interactive shell with special root directory 在特殊的根目录下运行命令或交互式shell chrt manipulate the real-time attributes of a process 操作流程的实时属性 chvt change foreground virtual terminal 改变前台虚拟终端 ciphers SSL cipher display and cipher list tool SSL密码显示和密码列表工具 cksum checksum and count the bytes in a file 校验和计算文件中的字节数 clear clear the terminal screen 清除终端屏幕 clock time clocks utility 时钟时间效用 clockdiff measure clock difference between hosts 测量主机之间的时钟差异 cmp compare two files byte by byte 逐字节比较两个文件 cms CMS utility CMS工具 col filter reverse line feeds from input 从输入中过滤反馈线 colcrt filter nroff output for CRT previewing 滤镜nroff输出用于CRT预览 colrm remove columns from a file 从文件中删除列 column columnate lists columnate列表 comm compare two sorted files line by line 逐行比较两个已排序的文件 command bash built-in commands, see bash(1) Bash内置命令,参见Bash (1) compgen bash built-in commands, see bash(1) Bash内置命令,参见Bash (1) complete bash built-in commands, see bash(1) Bash内置命令,参见Bash (1) compopt bash built-in commands, see bash(1) Bash内置命令,参见Bash (1) config config 5ssl config 5 配置5ssl配置5 .单击“确定” config-util Common PAM configuration file for configuration utilities 用于配置实用程序的公共PAM配置文件 config~5 config~5ssl OpenSSL CONF library configuration files OpenSSL CONF库配置文件 console.apps specify console-accessible privileged applications 指定控制台可访问的特权应用程序 console.handlers file specifying handlers of console lock and unlock events 指定控制台
锁定和解锁事件处理程序的文件 console.perms permissions control file for users at the system console 在系统控制台为用户提供权限控制文件 consoletype print type of the console connected to standard input 控制台连接到标准输入的打印类型 continue bash built-in commands, see bash(1) Bash内置命令,参见Bash (1) coredump.conf Core dump storage configuration files 核心转储存储配置文件 coredump.conf.d Core dump storage configuration files 核心转储存储配置文件 coredumpctl Retrieve and process saved core dumps and metadata 检索和处理保存的核心转储文件和元数据 cp copy files and directories 复制文件和目录 cpio cpio 5 cpio 1 cpio 5 cpio 1 cpio~1 copy files to and from archives 将文件复制到存档中或从存档中复制 cpio~5 format of cpio archive files cpio归档文件的格式 cpupower Shows and sets processor power related values 显示和设置处理器功率相关值 cpupower-frequency-info Utility to retrieve cpufreq kernel information 检索cpufreq内核信息的实用程序 cpupower-frequency-set A small tool which allows to modify cpufreq settings. 一个允许修改cpufreq设置的小工具。 cpupower-idle-info Utility to retrieve cpu idle kernel information 检索cpu空闲内核信息的实用程序 cpupower-idle-set Utility to set cpu idle state specific kernel options 实用程序设置cpu空闲状态特定的内核选项 cpupower-info Shows processor power related kernel or hardware configurations 显示与处理器功率相关的内核或硬件配置 cpupower-monitor Report processor frequency and idle statistics 报告处理器频率和空闲统计信息 cpupower-set Set processor power related kernel or hardware configurations 设置与处理器功率相关的内核或硬件配置 cracklib-check Check passwords using libcrack2 使用libcrack2检查密码 cracklib-format cracklib dictionary utilities cracklib词典工具 cracklib-packer cracklib dictionary utilities cracklib词典工具 cracklib-unpacker cracklib dictionary utilities cracklib词典工具 create-cracklib-dict Check passwords using libcrack2 使用libcrack2检查密码 crl CRL utility CRL效用 crl2pkcs7 Create a PKCS#7 structure from a CRL and certificates 从CRL和证书创建PKCS#7结构 cron daemon to execute scheduled commands 执行预定命令的守护进程 crond daemon to execute scheduled commands 执行预定命令的守护进程 cronnext time of next job cron will execute 下一个任务cron执行的时间 crontab crontab 5 crontab 1 Crontab 5 crontabs configuration and scripts for running periodical jobs 用于运行定期作业的配置和脚本 crontab~1 maintains crontab files for individual users 为