ADI公司的15通道锂电池管理模块主要采用AD7280A，AD8280，ADuM5401，ADuM1201， ADuC7026和AD8601，实现了对15个锂电池单体的电压和温度监测，在保证信号监测精度的同时，提供了主监测电路和次级监测电路的架构，实现更高级别的系统保护。还提供了模块化可扩展的板级架构，除主监测电路模块，次级监测电路模块，数据接口模块外，可扩展主动均衡电路等其他模块，方便系统原型开发。本文介绍了AD7280A1主要特性，框图和应用电路，以及15通道锂电池管理模块BMU基本功能，框图，电路图，材料清单和PCB元件布局图和设计图。
The AD7280A1 contains all the funcTIons required for general- purpose monitoring of stacked lithium ion batteries as used in hybrid electric vehicles， battery backup applicaTIons， and power tools. The part has mulTIplexed cell voltage and auxiliary ADC measurement channels for up to six cells of battery management. An internal ±3 ppm/°C reference is provided that allows a cell voltage accuracy of ±1.6 mV. The ADC resoluTIon is 12 bits and allows conversion of up to 48 cells within 7 μs. The AD7280A operates from a single VDD supply that has a range of 8 V to 30 V （with an absolute maximum rating of 33 V）。 The part provides six differential analog input channels to accommodate large common-mode signals across the full VDD range. Each channel allows an input signal range， VIN（+） − VIN（−）， of 1 V to 5 V. The input pins assume a series stack of six cells. In addition， the part includes six auxiliary ADC input channels that can be used for temperature measurement or system diagnostics.
The AD7280A includes on-chip registers that allow a sequence of channel measurements to be programmed to suit the application requirements. The AD7280A also includes a dynamic alert function that can detect whether the cell voltages or auxiliary ADC inputs exceed an upper or lower limit defined by the user. The AD7280A has cell balancing interface outputs designed to control external FET transistors to allow discharging of individual cells. The AD7280A includes a built-in self-test feature that internally applies a known voltage to the ADC inputs. A daisy-chain interface allows up to eight parts to be stacked without the need for individual device isolation. The AD7280A requires only one supply pin that accepts 6.9 mA under normal operation while converting at 1 MSPS. All this functionality is provided in a 48-lead LQFP package operating over a temperature range of −40°C to +105°C.
AD7280A1主要特性：
12-bit ADC， 1 μs per channel conversion time
6 analog input channels， common-mode range 0.5 V to 27.5 V
6 auxiliary ADC inputs
±1.6 mV cell voltage accuracy
On-chip voltage regulator
Cell balancing interface
Daisy-chain interface
Internal reference： ±3 ppm/oC
1.8 μA power-down current
High input impedance
Serial interface with alert function
1 SPI interface for up to 48 channels
CRC protection on read and write commands
On-chip registers for channel sequencing
VDD operating range： 8 V to 30 V
Temperature range： −40℃ to +105℃
48-lead LQFP Qualified for automotive applications
AD7280A1应用：
Lithium ion battery monitoring
Electric and hybrid electric vehicles
Power supply backup
Power tools
图1.AD7280A1功能框图
图2.AD7280A1六电池配置图
图3.AD7280A1菊花链配置图
15通道锂电池管理模块BMU
The 15ch BMU demo board is a tool for user to evaluate ADI Li-ion BMS chipset， including primary cellmonitoring IC AD7280A， backup cell monitoring IC AD8280， digital isolator ADuM1201， power isolatorADuM5401/03，and MCU ADuC7026. User can connect the board to Li-ion cells， connect with CAN tooltool set orPC directly， to enable in-system evaluation. This document describes basic operation of the 15ch BMU DEMO.
15通道锂电池管理模块BMU基本功能：
- Primary cell monitoring
o Up to 15 cell voltage inputs
o Up to 18temperature inputs
o 12-bit resolution of conversion data
o Alert of Over-Voltage， Under-Voltage， Over-Temperature， and Under-Temperature
o Self-Test
o Configurable acquisition time， conversion channels， averaging.
- Backup cell monitoring
o Up to 15 cell voltage inputs
o Up to 6 temperature inputs
o Alert outputs of Over-Voltage， Under-Voltage， and Over-Temperature
o Self-Test
- Passive cell balancing
o 100mA peak current
- 14V power supply with power enable input
- 1x CAN interface
- 1x USB interface
For GUI evaluation， user can connect the demo boardsto：
a. PC directly through USB cable. PC runs ‘15ch BMU Demo GUI （USB Version）’。
b. ZLG CANalyst （USBCAN-I or USBCAN-II） through CAN bus， then to PC. PC runs ‘15ch BMU Demo GUI （CANVersion）’。
c. Other types ofCAN tool through CAN bus， then to PC. PC runs specific GUI or analyzer tool according tothe CAN tool.
15通道锂电池管理模块BMU包括：
- Primary Monitoring Board
- Backup Monitoring Board
- Data Interface Board
图4.15通道锂电池管理模块BMU外形图
图5.15通道锂电池管理模块BMU框图
图6.15通道锂电池管理模块BMU监视板电路图
图7.15通道锂电池管理模块BMU数据板电路图
图8.15通道锂电池管理模块BMU备份监视板电路图
图9.15通道锂电池管理模块BMU监视板PCB顶层元件布局图
图10.15通道锂电池管理模块BMU监视板PCB底层元件布局图
图11.15通道锂电池管理模块BMU备份监视板PCB顶层元件布局图
图12.15通道锂电池管理模块BMU备份监视板PCB底层元件布局图
图13.15通道锂电池管理模块BMU数据板PCB顶层元件布局图
图14.15通道锂电池管理模块BMU数据板PCB底层元件布局图
图15.15通道锂电池管理模块BMU监视板PCB设计图(1)
图16.15通道锂电池管理模块BMU监视板PCB设计图(2)
图17.15通道锂电池管理模块BMU监视板PCB设计图(3)
图18.15通道锂电池管理模块BMU监视板PCB设计图(4)
图19.15通道锂电池管理模块BMU数据板PCB设计图(1)
图20.15通道锂电池管理模块BMU数据板PCB设计图(2)
图21.15通道锂电池管理模块BMU数据板PCB设计图(3)
图22.15通道锂电池管理模块BMU数据板PCB设计图(4)
图23.15通道锂电池管理模块BMU备份监视板PCB设计图(1)
图24.15通道锂电池管理模块BMU备份监视板PCB设计图(2)