laravel环境搭建

创建laravel项目的方式

• Laravel Homestead (一包各种 Laravel 开发所需的软件和工具 Vagrant 盒子）
• 手动安装lamp，利用composer创建laravel项目
• 使用phpstorm创建项目安装composer管理(自动下载)composer，但需要配置命令行)
• 使用phpstudy安装wamp环境和composer

直接使用phpstudy安装php，配置环境变量

PHP 7.3.4 (cli) (built: Apr  2 2019 21:57:22) ( NTS MSVC15 (Visual C   2017) x64 ) Copyright (c) 1997-2018 The PHP Group Zend Engine v3.3.4, Copyright (c) 1998-2018 Zend Technologies 

安装composer，配置环境变量

注意：在windows下composer不是可执行程序，需要使用composer.bat调用composer.phar

//composer.bat文件 @echo OFF :: in case DelayedExpansion is on and a path contains !  setlocal DISABLEDELAYEDEXPANSION php "%~dp0composer.phar" %* 

查看composer帮助

composer Composer version 2.3.5 2022-04-13 16:43:00 Available commands:   about                Shows a short information about Composer.   archive              Creates an archive of this composer package.   browse               [home] Opens the package's repository URL or homepage in your browser. check-platform-reqs Check that platform requirements are satisfied. clear-cache [clearcache|cc] Clears composer's internal package cache.   completion           Dump the shell completion script   config               Sets config options.   create-project       Creates new project from a package into given directory.   depends              [why] Shows which packages cause the given package to be installed.   diagnose             Diagnoses the system to identify common errors.   dump-autoload        [dumpautoload] Dumps the autoloader.   exec                 Executes a vendored binary/script.   fund                 Discover how to help fund the maintenance of your dependencies.   global               Allows running commands in the global composer dir ($COMPOSER_HOME).   help                 Display help for a command   init                 Creates a basic composer.json file in current directory.   install              [i] Installs the project dependencies from the composer.lock file if present, or    licenses             Shows information about licenses of dependencies.   list                 List commands   outdated             Shows a list of installed packages that have updates available, including their    prohibits            [why-not] Shows which packages prevent the given package from being installed.   reinstal            Uninstalls and reinstalls the given package names
  remove               Removes a package from the require or require-dev.
  require              Adds required packages to your composer.json and installs them.
  run-script           [run] Runs the scripts defined in composer.json.
  search               Searches for packages.
  self-update          [selfupdate] Updates composer.phar to the latest version.
  show                 [info] Shows information about packages.
  status               Shows a list of locally modified packages.
  suggests             Shows package suggestions.
  update               [u|upgrade] Updates your dependencies to the latest version according to 
  validate             Validates a composer.json and composer.lock.

初始化init

composer init
{
    "name": "asus/test",
    "autoload": {
        "psr-4": {
            "Asus\\Test\\": "src/"
        }
    },
    "authors": [
        {
            "name": "zhaojiew",
            "email": "xxxxxxxxxx"
        }
    ],
    "require": {}
}

composer.json

配置全局/局部composer，修改镜像源

//推荐aliyun
composer config -g repo.packagist composer https://packagist.phpcomposer.com
composer config -g repo.packagist composer https://mirrors.aliyun.com/composer/
composer config repo.packagist composer https://packagist.phpcomposer.com
composer config repo.packagist composer https://mirrors.aliyun.com/composer/

    "repositories": { 
        
        "packagist": { 
        
            "type": "composer",
            "url": "https://mirrors.aliyun.com/composer/"
        }
    }

创建laravel项目

composer create-project laravel/laravel laravel5
composer create-project laravel/laravel blog 5.?.* --prefer-dist
composer create-project laravel/laravel --prefer-dist
//--prefer-dist 优先下载压缩包

目录结构

composer有类的自动加载机制，可以加载composer下载的库中的所有的类文件（存放在vnedor中），自动加载原理，见autoload.php

<?php

// autoload.php @generated by Composer

if (PHP_VERSION_ID < 50600) { 
        
    echo 'Composer 2.3.0 dropped support for autoloading on PHP <5.6 and you are running '.PHP_VERSION.', please upgrade PHP or use Composer 2.2 LTS via "composer self-update --2.2". Aborting.'.PHP_EOL;
    exit(1);
}

require_once __DIR__ . '/composer/autoload_real.php';

return ComposerAutoloaderInit5ae11b6c820d2704fb1cb9adeeef6932::getLoader();

之后直接在phpstorm中打开项目进行配置和开发即可

查看laravel版本

php artisan --version
Laravel Framework 5.6.40